Gênero e subversão em The Wives of Bath (1993), de Susan Swan
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Data
2020-02-05
Autores
Romero, Lis Doreto
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho objetiva analisar a obra The Wives of Bath (1993), de Susan Swan, trazendo à luz questões relacionadas ao gênero. Gênero, pois, é uma palavra ambígua e possui diferentes definições. Para a análise proposta, este estudo se deteve em duas delas: uma relativa ao corpo e outra ao texto. O romance analisado nesta dissertação é composto por personagens que desafiam estereótipos e padrões normativos tais como a feminilidade, a heteronormatividade e o próprio conceito de gênero, enquanto que seu corpus também aponta para a heterogeneidade. Para as análises relacionadas ao corpo das personagens, foram elaborados panoramas sobre a crítica feminista e sobre o movimento feminista a fim de ilustrar suas histórias, seus diferentes desdobramentos e suas contribuições para os estudos feministas e de gênero. Virginia Woolf, Elaine Showalter, Kate Millett, Adrienne Rich, Michel Foucault, Judith Butler e Todd Reeser são alguns dos referenciais teóricos utilizados nessas análises. Uma pesquisa sobre o contexto literário no qual a autora Susan Swan se insere também foi realizada, haja vista que a literatura canadense tem suas especificidades. The Wives of Bath é escrito majoritariamente em prosa, no entanto, o gênero epistolar também se faz presente e uma característica do foco narrativo é o modo dramático. Desta forma, a obra se apresenta como híbrida. Afirmando sua pluralidade, o entre-lugar se apresenta com elementos da narrativa gótica e a paródia também faz parte do romance. Norman Friedman, Tzvetan Todorov, Paulina Palmer, Tiphaine Samoyault e Linda Hutcheon são alguns teóricos que embasam as análises do corpus do romance. Assim, conclui-se que The Wives of Bath é subversivo tanto no corpo quanto em seu corpus, pois as questões de gênero presentes na obra permitem que as concepções normativas referentes ao gênero sejam questionadas e desconstruídas e que, desta forma, novas possibilidades sejam criadas.
This study aims to analyze Susan Swan’s The Wives of Bath (1993), bringing to light issues related to gender and genre. In Portuguese, “gender” and “genre” refers to one ambiguous word, “gênero”, which has different meanings. For the proposed analysis, this study focused on two of its meanings: one related to the body, and other related to the text. The novel analyzed in this thesis is composed of characters who challenge stereotypes and normative patterns, such as femininity, heteronormativity and the concept of gender itself, while its corpus also points to heterogeneity. For the analysis related to the body of the characters, it was developed sceneries about both the feminist criticism and the feminist movement in order to illustrate their history, their developments and their contribuitions to feminist and gender studies. Virginia Woolf, Elaine Showalter, Kate Millett, Adrienne Rich, Michel Foucault, Judith Butler and Todd Reeser are some of the theoretical referentials used in these analyses. A research about the Canadian literary context in which Susan Swan belongs was also carried out, because the Canadian literature has its own characteristics. The Wives of Bath was written mainly in prose, however, the epistolary genre is also present, and a characteristic of the narrative focus is the dramatic mode. Therefore, the novel presents itself as hybrid. To affirm its plurality, the hesitation presents itself with elements of the gothic narrative and the parody is also part of the novel. Norman Friedman, Tzvetan Todorov, Paulina Palmer, Tiphaine Samoyault and Linda Hutcheon are some of the theorists who give the base for the analysis of the corpus of the novel. Hence, it is concluded that The Wives of Bath is subversive in both body and in its corpus, since the gender issues presented in the novel allow the normative conceptions related to gender to be questioned and deconstructed, and, thus, allow the creation of new possibilities.
This study aims to analyze Susan Swan’s The Wives of Bath (1993), bringing to light issues related to gender and genre. In Portuguese, “gender” and “genre” refers to one ambiguous word, “gênero”, which has different meanings. For the proposed analysis, this study focused on two of its meanings: one related to the body, and other related to the text. The novel analyzed in this thesis is composed of characters who challenge stereotypes and normative patterns, such as femininity, heteronormativity and the concept of gender itself, while its corpus also points to heterogeneity. For the analysis related to the body of the characters, it was developed sceneries about both the feminist criticism and the feminist movement in order to illustrate their history, their developments and their contribuitions to feminist and gender studies. Virginia Woolf, Elaine Showalter, Kate Millett, Adrienne Rich, Michel Foucault, Judith Butler and Todd Reeser are some of the theoretical referentials used in these analyses. A research about the Canadian literary context in which Susan Swan belongs was also carried out, because the Canadian literature has its own characteristics. The Wives of Bath was written mainly in prose, however, the epistolary genre is also present, and a characteristic of the narrative focus is the dramatic mode. Therefore, the novel presents itself as hybrid. To affirm its plurality, the hesitation presents itself with elements of the gothic narrative and the parody is also part of the novel. Norman Friedman, Tzvetan Todorov, Paulina Palmer, Tiphaine Samoyault and Linda Hutcheon are some of the theorists who give the base for the analysis of the corpus of the novel. Hence, it is concluded that The Wives of Bath is subversive in both body and in its corpus, since the gender issues presented in the novel allow the normative conceptions related to gender to be questioned and deconstructed, and, thus, allow the creation of new possibilities.
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Gênero, Mulher, Literatura canadense, Susan Swan, Canadian literature