As relações entre indústria e serviços de economias selecionadas em diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento: uma análise de redes em matrizes de insumo-produto, para os anos de 2000, 2010 e 2014
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Data
2020-03-27
Autores
Alves, Karolina Barbosa [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo pressupõe que a concentração das interações de comércio internacional não alterou significativamente o quadro internacional das últimas décadas. O presente estudo busca avaliar as relações internacionais entre agregados econômicos das maiores economias mundiais a partir dos conceitos de encadeamentos da demanda e oferta definidos pelos elos intersetoriais (Hirschman, 1958). Mesmo que o comércio internacional dos Serviços seja ainda pequeno quando comparado ao de Bens, ele vem apresentando crescente relevância devido ao avanço da demanda por serviços com elevado valor agregado. As atividades Industriais e de Serviços foram obtidos por agregação das Matrizes Insumo-Produto fornecidas pela World Input-Output Database (WIOD), de acordo com a classificação dos setores ISIC Rev. 4. A independência ou dependência das estruturas econômicas nacionais e as mudanças recentes nos fluxos de comércio são analisados por meio de Análise de Redes (software Gephi) aplicada a uma amostra de oito países em diferentes graus de desenvolvimento. Os resultados permitem confirmar parcialmente a hipótese, ou seja, o número de relações (conexões da rede) aumentou, mas não houve correspondente aumento da intensidade dos fluxos, a conectividade e compartilhamento da informação na rede são dependentes de poucos atores, mostrando que o alcance a novas conexões na Rede não necessariamente elevam a relevância do nó e a intensidade de suas conexões.
The study assumes that the concentration of international trade interactions has not significantly altered the international situation in recent decades. The present study seeks to evaluate the international relations between economic aggregates of the largest world economies from the concepts of chains of demand and supply defined by intersectoral links (Hirschman, 1958). Even though the international trade in Services is still small when compared to that of Goods, it has been showing increasing relevance due to the increase in demand for Services with high added value. The Industrial and Service activities were obtained by aggregating the Input-Output Matrices provided by the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), according to the classification of the ISIC Rev. 4 sectors. The independence or dependence of national economic structures and recent changes in trade flows they are analyzed using Network Analysis (Gephi software) applied to a sample of eight countries in different degrees of development. The results allow to partially confirm the hypothesis, that is, the number of relationships (network connections) increased, but there was no corresponding increase in the intensity of flows, the connectivity and sharing of information on the network are dependent on a few actors, showing that the reach new connections on the Network do not necessarily increase the relevance of the node and the intensity of its connections.
The study assumes that the concentration of international trade interactions has not significantly altered the international situation in recent decades. The present study seeks to evaluate the international relations between economic aggregates of the largest world economies from the concepts of chains of demand and supply defined by intersectoral links (Hirschman, 1958). Even though the international trade in Services is still small when compared to that of Goods, it has been showing increasing relevance due to the increase in demand for Services with high added value. The Industrial and Service activities were obtained by aggregating the Input-Output Matrices provided by the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), according to the classification of the ISIC Rev. 4 sectors. The independence or dependence of national economic structures and recent changes in trade flows they are analyzed using Network Analysis (Gephi software) applied to a sample of eight countries in different degrees of development. The results allow to partially confirm the hypothesis, that is, the number of relationships (network connections) increased, but there was no corresponding increase in the intensity of flows, the connectivity and sharing of information on the network are dependent on a few actors, showing that the reach new connections on the Network do not necessarily increase the relevance of the node and the intensity of its connections.
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Comércio internacional, Encadeamentos intersetoriais, Matrizes de insumo-produto, Análise de redes