Reguladores vegetais e micronutrientes em plantas de tomateiro
Carregando...
Data
2020-03-26
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos fisiológicos, bioquímicos e produtivos em plantas de tomateiro, além dos atributos de qualidade de frutos com a aplicação foliar da mistura de micronutrientes e reguladores vegetais em diferentes doses e períodos de desenvolvimento da cultura em condições de cultivo protegido. Para isso foram instalados dois experimentos independentes, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com oito tratamentos e três repetições. O material genético utilizado foi o híbrido Santy e os tratamentos utilizados foram: T1- Controle; T2 - IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1; T3 (Co + Mo - 0,5 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1); T4 - (Co + Mo - 1 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1); T5 (Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1); T6 (Co + Mo - 0,5 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1); T7 - (Co + Mo - 1 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1) e T8 (Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1). As aplicações dos tratamentos 3, 4 e 5 iniciaram-se no florescimento e cessaram na primeira colheita dos frutos, enquanto os tratamentos 2, 6, 7 e 8 as aplicações tiveram início no florescimento e transcorreram até a última colheita, com intervalos de 14 dias entre as aplicações. No capítulo 1 foram determinadas atividade enzimática antioxidativa, peroxidação lipídica, peróxido de hidrogênio, medidas de trocas gasosas, fluorescência da clorofila a e parâmetros de produtividade: produção total, comercial e não comercial, massa média de frutos comerciais, número de frutos totais, comercial e não comercial e o percentual de ganhos e perdas em produção. No capítulo 2 foram quantificados os teores de sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez titulável, índice de maturação, perda de massa e carboidratos. Nos dois experimentos, a enzima superóxido dismutase, o teor de peróxido de hidrogênio, concentração interna de CO2 e a taxa aparente de transporte de elétrons foram as variáveis de maior influência na produtividade. As plantas tratadas apenas com os reguladores vegetais pulverizados seis vezes durante o ciclo da cultura (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1) e com a mistura desses compostos com a maior dose dos micronutrientes com três aplicações [(Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0,5 L ha-1)] foram os tratamentos que apresentaram as melhores respostas produtivas nos dois anos de cultivo. O tratamento com a combinação de Co + Mo na dose de 2 L ha-1 com IBA + GA3 + Kt na dosagem de 0,5 L ha-1 com três pulverizações apresentou menor índice de maturação e perda de massa durante o armazenamento dos frutos nos dois experimentos.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the physiological, biochemical and productive effects on tomato crop. Moreover, it was study fruit quality attributes with the foliar application of the mixture of micronutrients and crop regulators in different doses and periods of development under protected conditions. . For this, two independent experiments were installed, in a randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications. The genetic material used was the hybrid Santy and the treatments used were: T1- Control; T2 - IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1; T3 (Co + Mo - 0.5 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1); T4 - (Co + Mo - 1 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1); T5 (Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1); T6 (Co + Mo - 0.5 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1); T7 - (Co + Mo - 1 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1) and T8 (Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1). In treatments 3, 4 and 5, the applications started at flowering and stopped at the first harvest of fruits, while treatments 2, 6, 7 and 8 the applications started at flowering and it gone until the last harvest, with intervals of 14 days between applications. In the first chapter, they were determined antioxidative enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, gas exchange measures, chlorophyll fluorescence and productivity parameters, total, commercial and non-commercial production, average mass of commercial fruits, number of total fruits, commercial and non-commercial and the percentage of gains and losses in production. In the second chapter, they were quantified the contents of soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, maturation index, weight loss and carbohydrates were quantified. In both experiments, the superoxide dismutase enzym e, the hydrogen peroxide content, internal CO2 concentration and the apparent electron transport rate were the variables with the greatest influence on productivity. Plants treated only with crop regulators sprayed six times during the crop cycle (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1) and with the mixture of these compounds with the highest dose of micronutrients with three applications [(Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1)] were the treatments that showed the best productive responses in the two years of cultivation. The treatment with combination of Co + Mo in dose of 2 L ha-1, IBA + GA3 + Kt in dose of 0,5 L ha-1, sprayed three times showed a lower rate of maturation and loss of mass during storage of fruits in both experiments.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the physiological, biochemical and productive effects on tomato crop. Moreover, it was study fruit quality attributes with the foliar application of the mixture of micronutrients and crop regulators in different doses and periods of development under protected conditions. . For this, two independent experiments were installed, in a randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications. The genetic material used was the hybrid Santy and the treatments used were: T1- Control; T2 - IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1; T3 (Co + Mo - 0.5 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1); T4 - (Co + Mo - 1 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1); T5 (Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1); T6 (Co + Mo - 0.5 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1); T7 - (Co + Mo - 1 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1) and T8 (Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1). In treatments 3, 4 and 5, the applications started at flowering and stopped at the first harvest of fruits, while treatments 2, 6, 7 and 8 the applications started at flowering and it gone until the last harvest, with intervals of 14 days between applications. In the first chapter, they were determined antioxidative enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, gas exchange measures, chlorophyll fluorescence and productivity parameters, total, commercial and non-commercial production, average mass of commercial fruits, number of total fruits, commercial and non-commercial and the percentage of gains and losses in production. In the second chapter, they were quantified the contents of soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, maturation index, weight loss and carbohydrates were quantified. In both experiments, the superoxide dismutase enzym e, the hydrogen peroxide content, internal CO2 concentration and the apparent electron transport rate were the variables with the greatest influence on productivity. Plants treated only with crop regulators sprayed six times during the crop cycle (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1) and with the mixture of these compounds with the highest dose of micronutrients with three applications [(Co + Mo - 2 L ha-1) + (IBA + GA3 + Kt - 0.5 L ha-1)] were the treatments that showed the best productive responses in the two years of cultivation. The treatment with combination of Co + Mo in dose of 2 L ha-1, IBA + GA3 + Kt in dose of 0,5 L ha-1, sprayed three times showed a lower rate of maturation and loss of mass during storage of fruits in both experiments.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Solanum lycopersicum L., Técnicas de manejo, Bioquímica, Fisiologia vegetal, Produtividade, Pós-colheita, Management techniques, Biochemistry, Plant physiology, Post-harvest