Relações intersetoriais entre atividades industriais e de serviços: um estudo da indústria de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação
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Data
2020-04-29
Autores
Alves, Amanda Tamires [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As tecnologias da informação e comunicação são reconhecidas por proporcionarem grandes transformações na economia. Elas foram fundamentais para o surgimento das cadeias globais de valor no século XX e continuam a influenciar a dinâmica e o funcionamento dessas cadeias, por meio de novos desenvolvimentos tecnológicos como big data, internet das coisas, nuvem, dentre outros. Por esta razão, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar e quantificar os encadeamentos entre atividades industriais e de serviços para a indústria de TIC. Para isso, o estudo analisa as relações intersetoriais entre as duas atividades nas principais economias do mundo para os anos de 2000, 2007 e 2014, procurando identificar os principais elos entre elas. Essa análise permite compreender o papel que as duas atividades desempenham na economia e a relação entre ambas, bem como as mudanças estruturais no período. Como objetivos específicos, busca-se: (i) analisar as diferenças existentes entre as estruturas produtivas dos países; (ii) identificar a relevância das duas atividades nas economias nacionais e; (iii) compreender a participação do Brasil nesse contexto por meio da comparação internacional. A fim de atingir os objetivos estabelecidos é realizada análise descritiva pela ótica do valor adicionado, o cálculo dos índices de ligação para trás e para frente e do indicador de densidade. Esses métodos possibilitam a identificação de atividades chave em TIC e seus principais elos nas diferentes estruturas nacionais. Os resultados obtidos mostram que quanto mais avançada a estrutura econômica de um país, mais fortes são seus encadeamentos com as TIC. Essa indústria está fortemente relacionada o desenvolvimento de serviços mais sofisticados e estes, por sua vez, implicam em etapas das cadeias de valor que geram maior parcela de valor adicionado. Assim, países cujas estruturas produtivas atuem no desenvolvimento e provimento de serviços vinculados a indústria de TIC participam de etapas mais sofisticadas das CGV.
Information and communication technologies are recognized for providing major changes in the economy. They were fundamental for the emergence of global value chains in the 20th century and continue to influence the dynamics and functioning of these chains, through new technological developments such as big data, internet of things, cloud, among others. For this reason, this research aims to analyze and quantify the linkages between industrial and service activities for the ICT industry. To this end, the study analyzes the intersectoral relations between the two activities in the main economies of the world for the years 2000, 2007 and 2014, seeking to identify the main links between them. This analysis allows us to understand the role that the two activities play in the economy and the relationship between them, as well as the structural changes in the period. The specific objectives are to: (i) analyze the differences between the productive structures of the countries; (ii) identify the relevance of the two activities in national economies and; (iii) understand Brazil's participation in this context through international comparison. In order to achieve the established objectives, a descriptive analysis is performed from the perspective of added value, the calculation of backward and forward linkages indices and the density indicator. These methods make it possible to identify key ICT activities and their main links in different national structures. The results obtained show that the more advanced a country's economic structure, the stronger its linkages with ICT. This industry is strongly related to the development of more sophisticated services and these, in turn, imply steps in the value chains that generate the largest share of added value. Thus, countries whose productive structures operate in the development and provision of services related to the ICT industry participate in more sophisticated stages of GVC.
Information and communication technologies are recognized for providing major changes in the economy. They were fundamental for the emergence of global value chains in the 20th century and continue to influence the dynamics and functioning of these chains, through new technological developments such as big data, internet of things, cloud, among others. For this reason, this research aims to analyze and quantify the linkages between industrial and service activities for the ICT industry. To this end, the study analyzes the intersectoral relations between the two activities in the main economies of the world for the years 2000, 2007 and 2014, seeking to identify the main links between them. This analysis allows us to understand the role that the two activities play in the economy and the relationship between them, as well as the structural changes in the period. The specific objectives are to: (i) analyze the differences between the productive structures of the countries; (ii) identify the relevance of the two activities in national economies and; (iii) understand Brazil's participation in this context through international comparison. In order to achieve the established objectives, a descriptive analysis is performed from the perspective of added value, the calculation of backward and forward linkages indices and the density indicator. These methods make it possible to identify key ICT activities and their main links in different national structures. The results obtained show that the more advanced a country's economic structure, the stronger its linkages with ICT. This industry is strongly related to the development of more sophisticated services and these, in turn, imply steps in the value chains that generate the largest share of added value. Thus, countries whose productive structures operate in the development and provision of services related to the ICT industry participate in more sophisticated stages of GVC.
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Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, Relações Intersetoriais, Serviços de alta tecnologia, CGV