Percepção e aceitação sensorial dos gostos salgado e doce por indivíduos que trabalham/estudam em diferentes turnos
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Data
2020-08-06
Autores
Camargo, Ana Carolina Bom
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A atividade noturna, seja no trabalho ou no ensino, vem apresentando uma importância nas estatísticas nacionais, aumentando nos últimos anos. Porém, o ser humano possui natureza diurna e a restrição de sono pode influenciar na modulação de várias situações gerenciadas pelo ciclo circadiano, como o comportamento alimentar. Assim, percebe-se a necessidade de investigar se há alguma relação no fato de trabalhar/estudar à noite com a percepção sensorial e a aceitação dos alimentos. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral desse estudo foi avaliar a percepção e aceitação sensorial dos gostos salgado e doce por indivíduos que trabalham/estudam em diferentes turnos. Foram recrutados três grupos de indivíduos: grupo controle (estudam durante o dia e não trabalham à noite), grupo 1 (indivíduos que estudam à noite) e grupo 2 (indivíduos que invertem o turno, ou seja, trabalham de madrugada). Os indivíduos foram submetidos ao teste de limiar de detecção e ao teste de aceitação sensorial utilizando escala hedônica estruturada e escala do ideal (ambas de nove pontos) para os gostos salgado e doce. Em relação ao gosto salgado, o limiar de detecção do grupo 2 foi maior que os demais grupos, indicando que uma mudança no padrão de sono, seja na troca de turnos ou no tempo de sono, influencia na percepção sensorial do gosto salgado. Em relação à aceitação sensorial, não houve grandes diferenças entre os três grupos considerando a mesma concentração de cloreto de sódio, e as concentrações ideias de cloreto de sódio para os três grupos foram semelhantes. Para o gosto doce, os limiares de detecção foram maiores para o grupo 1 e grupo 2, ou seja, indivíduos em situação de troca de turnos ou de redução no tempo de sono possuem menor sensibilidade sensorial para o gosto doce do que indivíduos que estudam de dia, não trabalham à noite e dormem mais. O grupo controle teve maior aceitação pelas amostras com menores quantidades de sacarose que o grupo 2, indicando que os indivíduos que não possuem restrição no sono têm maior preferência para as concentrações com menores quantidades de sacarose. Ainda, a concentração ideal de sacarose para o grupo controle foi de 151,48 g sacarose/L manjar, enquanto foi de 221,74 g sacarose/L manjar para os indivíduos do grupo 2. Este trabalho mostra uma relação entre a restrição crônica de sono e a percepção sensorial e aceitação dos alimentos, no entanto, mais estudos precisam ser realizados e aprofundados no intuito de investigar tais relações.
Nighttime activity, whether at work or teaching, has been showing an importance on the national statistics, increasing in recent years. However, the human being has daytime nature and the sleep restriction can influence the modulation of various activities managed by the circadian cycle, such as eating behavior. Thus, it is been noticed the necessity of investigating if there is any relation in the fact of working/studying during nighttime with the sensory perception and acceptance of food. The general aim of this study was to evaluate the perception sensory of salty and sweet taste by individuals who work/study in different shifts. Three group of individuals were recruited: control group (individuals that study during the day and do not work at nigh), group 1 (individuals that study at nighttime) and group 2 (individuals that switch the shifts, i.e., that work during nighttime). The individuals were submitted to threshold detection and sensory acceptance test using the structured hedonic scale and the just-about-right scale (both with nine points) for salty and sweet taste. Regarding the salty taste, the threshold for group 2 was higher than the other groups, indicating that a change on the sleep pattern, either in the shift exchange or in sleep time, influence the sensory perception of the salty taste. Regarding the sensory acceptance, there was no significant changes among the three groups considering the same sodium chloride concentration, and the ideal concentration for all groups was similar. For the sweet taste, the threshold was higher for groups 1 and 2, which means that individuals in shift exchange or reduced sleep time have lower sensory sensibility for the sweet taste than who study during the day, do not work at nighttime and sleep more. The control group had greater acceptance for samples with lower amounts of sucrose than group 2, indicating that the individuals that do not have sleep restriction have greater preferences for concentrations with lower quantities of sucrose. Moreover, the ideal concentration of sucrose for the control group was 151.8 g sucrose/L of delicacy, while it was 221.74 g sucrose/L delicacy for the individuals in group 2. This study shows a relationship between the chronic restriction of sleep and the sensory perception and acceptance of food; however, more studies need to be carried out in order to investigate deeper those relationships.
Nighttime activity, whether at work or teaching, has been showing an importance on the national statistics, increasing in recent years. However, the human being has daytime nature and the sleep restriction can influence the modulation of various activities managed by the circadian cycle, such as eating behavior. Thus, it is been noticed the necessity of investigating if there is any relation in the fact of working/studying during nighttime with the sensory perception and acceptance of food. The general aim of this study was to evaluate the perception sensory of salty and sweet taste by individuals who work/study in different shifts. Three group of individuals were recruited: control group (individuals that study during the day and do not work at nigh), group 1 (individuals that study at nighttime) and group 2 (individuals that switch the shifts, i.e., that work during nighttime). The individuals were submitted to threshold detection and sensory acceptance test using the structured hedonic scale and the just-about-right scale (both with nine points) for salty and sweet taste. Regarding the salty taste, the threshold for group 2 was higher than the other groups, indicating that a change on the sleep pattern, either in the shift exchange or in sleep time, influence the sensory perception of the salty taste. Regarding the sensory acceptance, there was no significant changes among the three groups considering the same sodium chloride concentration, and the ideal concentration for all groups was similar. For the sweet taste, the threshold was higher for groups 1 and 2, which means that individuals in shift exchange or reduced sleep time have lower sensory sensibility for the sweet taste than who study during the day, do not work at nighttime and sleep more. The control group had greater acceptance for samples with lower amounts of sucrose than group 2, indicating that the individuals that do not have sleep restriction have greater preferences for concentrations with lower quantities of sucrose. Moreover, the ideal concentration of sucrose for the control group was 151.8 g sucrose/L of delicacy, while it was 221.74 g sucrose/L delicacy for the individuals in group 2. This study shows a relationship between the chronic restriction of sleep and the sensory perception and acceptance of food; however, more studies need to be carried out in order to investigate deeper those relationships.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ciclo circadiano, Trabalhadores noturnos, Estudantes noturnos, Teste de limiar de detecção, Aceitação sensorial, Circadian cycle, Night workers, Night students, Threshold detection, Sensory acceptance