A biografia do imperador cômodo na história augusta como uma crítica ao dominato (séc. Iv d.C.)
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Data
2020-11-12
Autores
Cerri, Mariane
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No contexto da Antiguidade Tardia, compreendida entre meados do século III d.C. e início do século VII d.C., observamos o poder imperial romano ressaltando o momento histórico do IV século d.C., que se apresenta em meio a uma transição de elementos culturais, religiosos, políticos, econômicos e sociais. Momento em que novas reflexões sobre as atitudes do imperador e sua cultura serão refletidas. Assim destacamos a História Augusta, que segundo acreditamos teria sido elaborada nesse contexto. Trata-se uma documentação bastante controversa e polêmica, que possui classificação do corpus, datação e autoria em aberto e em plena discussão entre os especialistas. Ao longo da análise de nossa documentação textual, constatamos a existência de inquietantes particularidades de caráter atribuídas ao Imperador Cômodo que, a nosso ver, se articula ao péssimo relacionamento que o este possuía com o Senado romano, que sentiu sofrer uma redução de espaço na política frente ao poder que o imperador agora possuía durante o Dominato. Em razão disso, buscamos demonstrar que o autor, ou autores, da História Augusta, mais especificamente aquele que redigiu a Vida do Imperador Cômodo, fazia parte do Senado e desejava realizar uma crítica ao Poder Imperial sob o Dominato, através da construção dessa biografia.
In the context of the Late Antiquity, that comprehended the period between mid-century III AD and the beginning of the VII century AD, we observe the Roman Imperial Power standing out the historical moment of the IV century AD, which presents itself through a transition of cultural, religious, political, economic and social elements. Also, in this period, new reflections on the emperor’s attitudes and culture will be reflected. Thus, we highlight the Historia Augusta, which we believe it would had been elaborated in this context. It is a very controversial and polemical documentation, which has corpus classification, chronological dating and authorship open and in full discussion among the scholars. Throughout the analysis of our textual documentation, we verified the existence of disturbing particularities of character attributed to Emperor Commodus which, as we understand, it articulates with the bad relationship this emperor had with the Roman Senate, that suffered a space reduction in politics before the power that the Emperor had during Dominate. As a result, we intend to demonstrate that the author, or authors, of Historia Augusta, more specifically the one who wrote the Vita of Emperor Commodus, had been part of the Senate and had wanted to make a criticism to the Imperial Power under the Dominate through the construction of this biography.
In the context of the Late Antiquity, that comprehended the period between mid-century III AD and the beginning of the VII century AD, we observe the Roman Imperial Power standing out the historical moment of the IV century AD, which presents itself through a transition of cultural, religious, political, economic and social elements. Also, in this period, new reflections on the emperor’s attitudes and culture will be reflected. Thus, we highlight the Historia Augusta, which we believe it would had been elaborated in this context. It is a very controversial and polemical documentation, which has corpus classification, chronological dating and authorship open and in full discussion among the scholars. Throughout the analysis of our textual documentation, we verified the existence of disturbing particularities of character attributed to Emperor Commodus which, as we understand, it articulates with the bad relationship this emperor had with the Roman Senate, that suffered a space reduction in politics before the power that the Emperor had during Dominate. As a result, we intend to demonstrate that the author, or authors, of Historia Augusta, more specifically the one who wrote the Vita of Emperor Commodus, had been part of the Senate and had wanted to make a criticism to the Imperial Power under the Dominate through the construction of this biography.
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Antiguidade tardia, História Augusta, Imperador Cômodo, Dominato, Late Antiquity, Historia Augusta, Emperor Commodus, Dominate