A mestra dos operários: uma novela de sucesso que encantou os leitores do Jornal do Brasil
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Data
2021-01-26
Autores
Marroni, Alexandre
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A educação escolar foi muito debatida no Brasil durante a Primeira República, uma vez que o novo regime objetivava implantar um novo sistema educacional. Apesar da existência de um projeto moderno para a Educação, este acabou fracassando por não apresentar um padrão verdadeiramente brasileiro, afinal, inicialmente os republicanos se limitaram a reproduzir modelos europeus. Apesar do insucesso, as influências estrangeiras não devem ser desconsideradas, já que contribuíram para a formação dos brasileiros. As obras do escritor italiano Edmondo De Amicis, por exemplo, circularam nas escolas e também na imprensa brasileira, a fim de formar e instruir a população para o novo regime. Com ênfase, a novela A mestra dos operários, do referido escritor, foi veiculada no Brasil em 1891, de forma seriada, primeiramente pelo Jornal do Brasil (JB). Assim sendo, esta pesquisa apresentará inicialmente alguns aspectos acerca da educação escolar no Brasil na Primeira República, bem como apresentar-se-ão as influências do escritor italiano Edmondo De Amicis na Educação brasileira. Ainda, será exposta parte da historiografia do JB, a fim de que o leitor possa compreender melhor as características sociais do suporte em que a obra em estudo foi publicada e ambientar o leitor às transformações que o país sofrera no final do século XIX e início do século XX. Além disso, é fundamental conhecer o enredo da novela A mestra dos operários, pois De Amicis nos antecipa, através da ficção e, baseando-se em situações semelhantes vividas na Itália, possíveis problemas sociais que ocorreriam no Brasil após a mudança política que ocorrera em 1889. Ademais, é imprescindível mencionar o romance-folhetim, sobretudo em relação à sua popularização no Brasil, que acaba contagiando e influenciado o comportamento da sociedade brasileira da época. Por fim, discutir-se-á o gênero textual novela, com o intuito de levantar suas principais características e compará-las com as da obra A mestra dos operários, comprovando, assim, o gênero literário que tanto agradou os brasileiros.
School education was much debated in Brazil during the First Republic, since the new regime aimed to implement a new educational system. Despite the existence of a modern project for Education, it ended up failing to present a truly Brazilian standard, after all, initially the Republicans were limited to reproducing European models. Despite the failure, foreign influences should not be disregarded, since they contributed to the formation of Brazilians. The works of the Italian writer Edmondo De Amicis, for example, circulated in schools and also in the Brazilian press, in order to train and instruct the population for the new regime. With emphasis, the novel A mestra dos operários, by the aforementioned writer, was broadcast in Brazil in 1891, in a serial form, first by Jornal do Brasil (JB). Therefore, this research will initially present some aspects about school education in Brazil in the First Republic, as well as presenting the influences of the Italian writer Edmondo De Amicis in Brazilian Education. Still, part of the JB's historiography will be exposed, so that the reader can better understand the social characteristics of the medium in which the work under study was published and acclimate the reader to the transformations that the country had undergone in the late 19th century and early 20th century. In addition, it is essential to know the plot of the soap opera The Master of the Workers, since De Amicis anticipates us, through fiction and, based on similar situations experienced in Italy, possible social problems that would occur in Brazil after the political change that had occurred in 1889. Furthermore, it is essential to mention the serial novel, especially in relation to its popularization in Brazil, which ends up infecting and influencing the behavior of Brazilian society at the time. Finally, the novel textual genre will be discussed, with the aim of raising its main characteristics and comparing them with those of the work A mestra dos operários, thus proving the literary genre that pleased Brazilians so much.
School education was much debated in Brazil during the First Republic, since the new regime aimed to implement a new educational system. Despite the existence of a modern project for Education, it ended up failing to present a truly Brazilian standard, after all, initially the Republicans were limited to reproducing European models. Despite the failure, foreign influences should not be disregarded, since they contributed to the formation of Brazilians. The works of the Italian writer Edmondo De Amicis, for example, circulated in schools and also in the Brazilian press, in order to train and instruct the population for the new regime. With emphasis, the novel A mestra dos operários, by the aforementioned writer, was broadcast in Brazil in 1891, in a serial form, first by Jornal do Brasil (JB). Therefore, this research will initially present some aspects about school education in Brazil in the First Republic, as well as presenting the influences of the Italian writer Edmondo De Amicis in Brazilian Education. Still, part of the JB's historiography will be exposed, so that the reader can better understand the social characteristics of the medium in which the work under study was published and acclimate the reader to the transformations that the country had undergone in the late 19th century and early 20th century. In addition, it is essential to know the plot of the soap opera The Master of the Workers, since De Amicis anticipates us, through fiction and, based on similar situations experienced in Italy, possible social problems that would occur in Brazil after the political change that had occurred in 1889. Furthermore, it is essential to mention the serial novel, especially in relation to its popularization in Brazil, which ends up infecting and influencing the behavior of Brazilian society at the time. Finally, the novel textual genre will be discussed, with the aim of raising its main characteristics and comparing them with those of the work A mestra dos operários, thus proving the literary genre that pleased Brazilians so much.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação, Jornal do Brasil, A mestra dos operários, Edmondo De Amicis, Novela