Processo integrado para produção de xilana, briquetes e açúcares fermentáveis
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Data
2021-03-04
Autores
Ndumbo, Manuel
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A biomassa lignocelulósica constitui um enorme potencial na geração de energia e moléculas de valor agregado, além de direcionar seu uso e reduzir a disposição inadequada. Um processo integrado pode colaborar para um melhor aproveitamento deste material. O processo de extração de xilana tem como subprodutos a celulose e a lignina, a celulose é obtida no material pré-tratado (insolúvel), e uma hidrólise enzimática pode gerar açúcar fermentável (glicose). Através do processo de briquetagem é possível produzir um combustível com homogeneidade, maior densidade em resistência, de fácil manuseio e transporte. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi extrair xilana, e recuperar a lignina que é subproduto neste processo, e avaliar o uso do material pré-tratado na produção de glicose via hidrólise enzimática. Este projeto também avaliouas fraçõesanatômicas da cana-de-açúcar (bagaço, colmo, fração externa e bagaço com adição da lignina) na formação briquetes.Foram produzidos briquetes com aquecimento de 120°c e briquetes sem aquecimento. A extração da xilana e lignina apresentaram rendimento de 62,71% e 33,62%, respectivamente. O rendimento da hidrólise enzimática do material pré-tratado resultou em 71,10% de glicose. O colmo livre de epiderme e a fração externa apresentaram melhores resultados no que se refere aos teores de cinzas, voláteis e do carbono fixo. Para a expansão volumétrica os briquetes confeccionados com bagaço e bagaço com adição de lignina apresentam menor variação volumétrica e quanto à durabilidade observou-se que os briquetes formados de fração externa sem aquecimento mostraram durabilidade de 98%, para briquetes confeccionados com aquecimento a durabilidade de todos foi acima de 97%. Conclui-se que os resíduos do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e a fração externa podem ser utilizados como matéria-prima para produção de briquetes, por apresentarem o baixo teor de cinzas e altos teores de voláteis e carbono fixa e também boa densidade energética entre todos os materiais analisados.
Lignocellulosic biomass constitutes an enormous potential in the generation of energy and added-value molecules, in addition to directing its use and reducing inappropriate disposal. An integrated process can collaborate for a better use of this material. The xylan extraction process has cellulose and lignin as by-products, cellulose is obtained from pre-treated (insoluble) material, and an enzymatic hydrolysis can generate fermentable sugar (glucose). Through the briquetting process it is possible to produce a homogeneous fuel, greater density in resistance, easy to handle and transport. In this context, the objective of this work was to extract xylan, and to recover the lignin that is a by-product in this process, and to evaluate the use of the pre-treated material in the production of glucose via enzymatic hydrolysis. This project also evaluated the anatomical fractions of sugarcane (bagasse, stem, external fraction and bagasse with the addition of lignin) in the formation of briquettes. Briquettes were heated with 120°c and briquettes without heating. The extraction of xylan and lignin showed a yield of 62.71% and 33.62%, respectively. The enzymatic hydrolysis yield of the pretreated material resulted in 71.10% glucose. The epidermis-free stem and the external fraction showed better results in terms of ash, volatile and fixed carbon contents. For the volumetric expansion, the briquettes made from bagasse and bagasse with the addition of lignin present less volumetric variation and as for durability, it was observed that the briquettes formed from external fraction without heating showed 98% durability, for briquettes made with heating the durability of everyone was over 97%. It is concluded that the residues of the sugarcane bagasse and the external fraction can be used as raw material for the production of briquettes, as they have a low ash content and high levels of volatiles and fixed carbon and also good energy density among all analyzed materials.
Lignocellulosic biomass constitutes an enormous potential in the generation of energy and added-value molecules, in addition to directing its use and reducing inappropriate disposal. An integrated process can collaborate for a better use of this material. The xylan extraction process has cellulose and lignin as by-products, cellulose is obtained from pre-treated (insoluble) material, and an enzymatic hydrolysis can generate fermentable sugar (glucose). Through the briquetting process it is possible to produce a homogeneous fuel, greater density in resistance, easy to handle and transport. In this context, the objective of this work was to extract xylan, and to recover the lignin that is a by-product in this process, and to evaluate the use of the pre-treated material in the production of glucose via enzymatic hydrolysis. This project also evaluated the anatomical fractions of sugarcane (bagasse, stem, external fraction and bagasse with the addition of lignin) in the formation of briquettes. Briquettes were heated with 120°c and briquettes without heating. The extraction of xylan and lignin showed a yield of 62.71% and 33.62%, respectively. The enzymatic hydrolysis yield of the pretreated material resulted in 71.10% glucose. The epidermis-free stem and the external fraction showed better results in terms of ash, volatile and fixed carbon contents. For the volumetric expansion, the briquettes made from bagasse and bagasse with the addition of lignin present less volumetric variation and as for durability, it was observed that the briquettes formed from external fraction without heating showed 98% durability, for briquettes made with heating the durability of everyone was over 97%. It is concluded that the residues of the sugarcane bagasse and the external fraction can be used as raw material for the production of briquettes, as they have a low ash content and high levels of volatiles and fixed carbon and also good energy density among all analyzed materials.
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Palavras-chave
Celulose, Biomassa, Resíduos lignocelulósicos, Hidrólise enzimática, Cellulose, Biomass, Lignocellulosic residues, Enzymatic hydrolysis