Caracterização de acessos e controle químico de Paspalum virgatum L.
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Data
2021-04-22
Autores
Santos, Renata Thaysa da Silva [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O capim-navalha (Paspalum virgatum L.) é um importante planta daninha em áreas agropecuárias no Brasil e no mundo. Por pertencer a família Poaceae, apresenta similariedade botânica com espécies utilizadas para alimentação animal, sendo este fato um desafio no manejo da espécie. Durante a década de 80, houve um volume significativo de trabalhos de pesquisa com a espécie, mas depois poucos trabalhos foram realizados. Porém, nos últimos anos, devido ao prejuízo econômico causado pela presença da planta na área destinada ao pasto, tornou-se evidente a necessidade de mais conhecimento sobre a espécie, principalmente para elaboração de estrátegias de manejo eficientes. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização de quatro acessos desta espécie a nível morfológico, anatômico e genético e relacionando-os com o controle químico. Para tanto, o trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos, o primeiro destinado ao estudo de nível de ploidia e controle químico de duas populações de Paspalum urvillei Steud, considerado por alguns taxonomistas sinonímia do P. virgatum. O segundo capítulo, o estudo de caracterização morfológica, anatômica e genética das quatros populações de P. virgatum. E o terceiro capítulo, o estudo sobre a eficácia da aplicação sequêncial de herbicidas no manejo dos acessos. Com os resultados obtidos neste trabalho foi possível compreender as diferenças entre os acessos, como, por exemplo tamanho da lâmina foliar e quantidade de DNA satélite, e a interferência na resposta da planta a aplicação de herbicida.
Talquezal (Paspalum virgatum L.) is an important weed in agricultural areas in Brazil and worldwide. Because it belongs to the Poaceae family, it has botanical similarity with species used for animal feed, which is a challenge in the management of the species. During the 1980s, there was a significant volume of research work with the species, but afterward few studies were carried out. However, in recent years, due to the economic damage caused by the presence of the plant in the area destined to pasture, the need for more knowledge about the species has become evident, mainly for the elaboration of efficient management strategies. Therefore, this work aimed to characterize four accessions of this species at the morphological, anatomical, and genetic level and relating them to chemical control. For this purpose, the work was divided into three chapters, the first dedicated to the study of ploidy level and chemical control of two populations of Paspalum urvillei Steud, considered by some taxonomists to be synonymous with P. virgatum. The second chapter, the study of morphological, anatomical and genetic characterization of the four populations of P. virgatum. And the third chapter, the study on the effectiveness of the sequential application of herbicides in the management of accessions. With the results obtained in these studies, it was possible to understand the differences between accessions, for example leaf blade size and amount of satellite DNA, and interference in plant response to herbicide application.
Talquezal (Paspalum virgatum L.) is an important weed in agricultural areas in Brazil and worldwide. Because it belongs to the Poaceae family, it has botanical similarity with species used for animal feed, which is a challenge in the management of the species. During the 1980s, there was a significant volume of research work with the species, but afterward few studies were carried out. However, in recent years, due to the economic damage caused by the presence of the plant in the area destined to pasture, the need for more knowledge about the species has become evident, mainly for the elaboration of efficient management strategies. Therefore, this work aimed to characterize four accessions of this species at the morphological, anatomical, and genetic level and relating them to chemical control. For this purpose, the work was divided into three chapters, the first dedicated to the study of ploidy level and chemical control of two populations of Paspalum urvillei Steud, considered by some taxonomists to be synonymous with P. virgatum. The second chapter, the study of morphological, anatomical and genetic characterization of the four populations of P. virgatum. And the third chapter, the study on the effectiveness of the sequential application of herbicides in the management of accessions. With the results obtained in these studies, it was possible to understand the differences between accessions, for example leaf blade size and amount of satellite DNA, and interference in plant response to herbicide application.
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Palavras-chave
Erva-daninha, Morfologia, Herbicidas