Preservar e resistir: natureza e cultura em comunidades tradicionais situadas em Ubatuba-SP
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Data
2021-06-09
Autores
Pereira, Marília de Azevedo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Conjecturamos inicialmente que a permanência de comunidades tradicionais no território que habitam pode colaborar para a preservação ambiental, apesar do avanço da lógica capitalista globalizada sobre estes territórios. Para fundamentar esta hipótese, partimos de uma perspectiva crítica as dicotomias fundadas paradoxalmente no pensamento moderno, separando o conhecimento entre o que é considerado "natural" e o que é considerado "cultural". Observamos comunidades tradicionais situadas no município de Ubatuba-SP, cujo desenvolvimento histórico-espacial contribuiu para a formação de comunidades caiçaras, quilombolas e indígenas. Estas comunidades se situam em áreas costeiras de Mata Atlântica preservada, dependendo tanto da floresta quanto do mar para o desenvolvimento de seus modos de vida e produção. Na década de 1960, processos ligados a legalização das terras e a construção de um trecho da rodovia BR-101, modifica a situação fundiária na região, impulsionando a especulação e grilagem de terras devido ao seu alto potencial turístico. Estes processos levam a instalação de Parques de Proteção e Conservação Ambiental que atuam na proteção do território, mas restringem os modos seculares de vida e produção dos moradores tradicionais de Ubatuba-SP.
Initially conjectured that the permanence of traditional communities in the territory they inhabit may contribute to environmental preservation, despite the advance of the globalized capitalist logic over these territories. To support this hypothesis, we start from a critical perspective the dichotomies paradoxically founded in modern thought, separating knowledge between what is considered "natural" and what is considered "cultural". We observe traditional communities located in the municipality of Ubatuba-SP, whose historical-spatial development contributed to the formation of caiçaras, quilombolas and indigenous communities. These communities are located in coastal areas of preserved Atlantic Forest, depending on both the forest and the sea for the development of their ways of life and production. In the 1960s, processes related to the legalization of land and the construction of a stretch of the BR-101 highway, changed the land situation in the region, boosting speculation and land grabbing due to its high tourist potential. These processes lead to the installation of Environmental Protection and Conservation Parks that act to protect the territory, but restrict the secular ways of life and production of the traditional inhabitants of Ubatuba-SP.
Initially conjectured that the permanence of traditional communities in the territory they inhabit may contribute to environmental preservation, despite the advance of the globalized capitalist logic over these territories. To support this hypothesis, we start from a critical perspective the dichotomies paradoxically founded in modern thought, separating knowledge between what is considered "natural" and what is considered "cultural". We observe traditional communities located in the municipality of Ubatuba-SP, whose historical-spatial development contributed to the formation of caiçaras, quilombolas and indigenous communities. These communities are located in coastal areas of preserved Atlantic Forest, depending on both the forest and the sea for the development of their ways of life and production. In the 1960s, processes related to the legalization of land and the construction of a stretch of the BR-101 highway, changed the land situation in the region, boosting speculation and land grabbing due to its high tourist potential. These processes lead to the installation of Environmental Protection and Conservation Parks that act to protect the territory, but restrict the secular ways of life and production of the traditional inhabitants of Ubatuba-SP.
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Palavras-chave
Ubatuba, Natureza, Cultura, Identidade, História