Investigação laboratorial de Zika vírus em primatas não humanos neotropicais nos estados do Paraná, São Paulo e Paraíba, Brasil
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Data
2021-06-09
Autores
Haisi, Amanda
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Zika vírus (ZIKV) pertence ao gênero Flavivirus, família Flaviviridae, similar a outros arbovírus de interesse para a saúde pública. Sua descoberta ocorreu em 1947 com o isolamento em macaco Rhesus (Macaca mulatta), sentinela no controle de Febre Amarela na floresta de Uganda, África. Devido ao conhecimento limitado sobre o papel dos primatas neotropicais nos ciclos de transmissão do ZIKV, o objetivo deste trabalho foi obter evidências da circulação enzoótica do vírus Zika em PNH em amostras obtidas em três estados brasileiros: São Paulo, Paraíba e Paraná, especialmente na interface entre ambiente urbano e áreas florestais. Amostras de tecidos (baço, coração, fígado, pulmão, rim e cérebro) (n=75) foram coletadas post mortem de 34 carcaças de PNH nos estados de São Paulo e Paraíba, e amostras de sangue total (n=66) e soro sanguíneo (n=58) foram obtidas de 66 PNH visivelmente saudáveis em Foz do Iguaçu-PR, totalizando 100 primatas neotropicais. Todas as amostras de tecido e sangue total (n= 141) foram testadas no RT- qPCR TaqMan® utilizando como alvo o gene do envelope (E). Amostras de soro sanguíneo foram submetidas à detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-ZIKV e anticorpos neutralizantes por ELISA comercial indireto e Teste de Redução de Placas de Lise (PRNT), respectivamente. Todas as amostras (141) testaram negativas no RT-qPCR TaqMan®, indicando a ausência de infecção ativa em 100 PNH coletados. Similarmente, todos as amostras de soro (n=58) foram consideradas negativas nas análises sorológicas para ZIKV, demonstrando ausência de exposição prévia dos PNH de cativeiro e vida livre de Foz do Iguaçu-PR. Em conclusão, não foram encontrados indícios de circulação viral nos PNH durante o período analisado. Estes resultados, mesmo que negativos, contribuem consideravelmente para a epidemiologia e vigilância de ZIKV em populações silvestres.
The Zika virus belongs to the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, similar to other arboviruses of public health interest. Its discovery occurred in 1947 with the isolation in captive Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), sentinel in the control of yellow fever at the Uganda forest. Due to the limited knowledge about the role of neotropical primates in ZIKV transmission cycles, the aim of this work was to obtain evidence of enzootic circulation of ZIKV in NHPs from three Brazilian states: São Paulo, Paraíba and Paraná, especially at the interface between urban environment and forest areas. Tissue samples (spleen, heart, liver, lung, kidney and brain) (n=75) were collected post mortem from 34 NHP carcasses from São Paulo and Paraíba state, and blood (n=66) and serum samples (n=58) were obtained from 66 NHP visibility health from Foz do Iguaçu-PR, totaling 100 neotropical primates. All tissue and blood samples (n=141) were tested using a RT-qPCR TaqMan® targeting the envelope gene (E). Serum samples were subjected to detection of anti-ZIKV IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies by a commercial indirect ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), respectively. All samples (n=141) tested negative in the RT-qPCR TaqMan® asay, suggesting the absence of active infection in 100 NHPs collected. Similarly, all serum (n=58) were negative in serological assays for ZIKV, demonstrating the absence of previous viral exposure of captive and free-ranging NHPs from Foz do Iguaçu-PR. In conclusion, no evidences of viral circulation were found in the NHPs during the analyzed period. These results, even if negative, considerably contribute to the epidemiology and surveillance of ZIKV in sylvatic populations.
The Zika virus belongs to the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, similar to other arboviruses of public health interest. Its discovery occurred in 1947 with the isolation in captive Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), sentinel in the control of yellow fever at the Uganda forest. Due to the limited knowledge about the role of neotropical primates in ZIKV transmission cycles, the aim of this work was to obtain evidence of enzootic circulation of ZIKV in NHPs from three Brazilian states: São Paulo, Paraíba and Paraná, especially at the interface between urban environment and forest areas. Tissue samples (spleen, heart, liver, lung, kidney and brain) (n=75) were collected post mortem from 34 NHP carcasses from São Paulo and Paraíba state, and blood (n=66) and serum samples (n=58) were obtained from 66 NHP visibility health from Foz do Iguaçu-PR, totaling 100 neotropical primates. All tissue and blood samples (n=141) were tested using a RT-qPCR TaqMan® targeting the envelope gene (E). Serum samples were subjected to detection of anti-ZIKV IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies by a commercial indirect ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), respectively. All samples (n=141) tested negative in the RT-qPCR TaqMan® asay, suggesting the absence of active infection in 100 NHPs collected. Similarly, all serum (n=58) were negative in serological assays for ZIKV, demonstrating the absence of previous viral exposure of captive and free-ranging NHPs from Foz do Iguaçu-PR. In conclusion, no evidences of viral circulation were found in the NHPs during the analyzed period. These results, even if negative, considerably contribute to the epidemiology and surveillance of ZIKV in sylvatic populations.
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Palavras-chave
Arbovírus, Ciclo silvestre, RT-qPCR, Saúde pública, Sorologia, Arboviruses, Sylvatic cycle, Public health, Serology