Silício em diferentes modos de aplicação modifica a estequiometria C:Si e as trocas gasosas aumentando a eficiência de uso do C e a produção de massa seca de plantas de amendoim
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Data
2021-04-23
Autores
Fernandes, Stefania
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O efeito benéfico do silício no crescimento das culturas é bem relatado, mas em plantas não acumuladoras do elemento, como o amendoim, é restrito, havendo dúvidas sobre a melhor forma de aplicação e a sua resposta e os mecanismos envolvidos. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar se a aplicação de Si em diferentes formas de aplicação aumenta o crescimento das plantas de amendoim devido à alteração estequiométrica C/Si e, consequentemente, a condutância estomática e a fotossíntese. O experimento foi desenvolvido em vasos com solução nutritiva utilizando plantas de amendoim cultivar granoleico. Os tratamentos foram: controle, sem aplicação de Si (-Si), Si via radicular (Si R) (2,0 mmol L-1 ), Si via foliar (Si F) (4,0 mmol L-1 ) e Si via radicular associado ao foliar (Si R + F), dispostos em blocos casualizados com cinco repetições. A aplicação de Si radicular somado à pulverização foliar é eficiente para incrementar o acúmulo do elemento na parte aérea do amendoim. O benefício do Si no crescimento das plantas de amendoim deve-se ao seu efeito de modificar a relação estequiométrica C/Si na planta, que resultou em incremento da taxa fotossintética e consequentemente da eficiência do uso do C e a produção de matéria seca da planta.
The beneficial effect of silicon on crop growth is well reported, but in plants that do not accumulate the element such as peanuts it’s restricted, there are doubts about the best form of application and its response and the mechanisms involved. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate whether an application of Si in different ways of increasing the growth of peanut plants due to the stoichiometric change C / Si and consequently the stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. The experiment was carried out in pots with nutritive solution using peanut plants, Cultivar granoleic. The treatments were: control, without Si application (-Si); Si via root (Si R) (2.0 mmol L-1) Si via leaf (Si F) (4.0 mmol L-1) and Si via root associated with leaf (Si R + F), arranged in randomized blocks with five repetitions. The application of root Si plus leaf spray is efficient to increase the accumulation of the element in the aerial part of the peanut. The benefit of Si in the growth of peanut plants is due to its effect of modifying the stoichiometric C / Si ratio in the plant, which resulted in an increase in the photosynthetic rate and, consequently, in the efficiency of the use of C and the production of dry matter of the plant.
The beneficial effect of silicon on crop growth is well reported, but in plants that do not accumulate the element such as peanuts it’s restricted, there are doubts about the best form of application and its response and the mechanisms involved. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate whether an application of Si in different ways of increasing the growth of peanut plants due to the stoichiometric change C / Si and consequently the stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. The experiment was carried out in pots with nutritive solution using peanut plants, Cultivar granoleic. The treatments were: control, without Si application (-Si); Si via root (Si R) (2.0 mmol L-1) Si via leaf (Si F) (4.0 mmol L-1) and Si via root associated with leaf (Si R + F), arranged in randomized blocks with five repetitions. The application of root Si plus leaf spray is efficient to increase the accumulation of the element in the aerial part of the peanut. The benefit of Si in the growth of peanut plants is due to its effect of modifying the stoichiometric C / Si ratio in the plant, which resulted in an increase in the photosynthetic rate and, consequently, in the efficiency of the use of C and the production of dry matter of the plant.
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Palavras-chave
Arachis hypogaea L., Nutrição de plantas, Amendoim