Avaliação fenológica e físico-química da cultivar de videira BRS Isis em diferentes porta-enxertos
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Data
2021-08-26
Autores
Motta, Victória Monteiro da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Observou-se nos últimos anos a maior tendência no consumo de uvas sem semente. Em função disso, iniciou-se a substituição das cultivares tradicionais por novas cultivares desenvolvidas pela Embrapa. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar e estabelecer a melhor combinação entre porta-enxerto e copa, avaliando a cultivar de uva para mesa BRS Isis com os porta-enxertos IAC 766 Campinas, IAC 572 Jales e Paulsen 1103 cultivadas em São Manuel, SP. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel, a qual pertence ao Campus Botucatu FCA/UNESP. Os tratamentos consistiram na combinação dos porta-enxertos IAC 766 Campinas, IAC 572 Jales e Paulsen 1103 com a cultivar de uva para mesa BRS Isis. Foram avaliadas as características fenológicas, a caracterização das exigências térmicas, fertilidade de gemas, evolução da maturação das uvas; massas frescas de cachos e engaços; comprimento e largura de cachos; número de bagas por cacho; massa fresca, comprimento e largura de bagas; sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, índice de maturação e pH; diâmetro de porta-enxerto. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, composto por 3 tratamentos, com 7 repetições e 3 plantas por parcela experimental. O ciclo da cultivar, caracterizado entre a poda e a colheita, apresentou duração de 156 dias e um acúmulo de graus-dia de 2004,6 GD. Os porta-enxertos não interferiram nas características fenológicas e nas exigências térmicas, e promoveram poucos efeitos sobre as características químicas que marcam a evolução da maturação das bagas. As características físicas e químicas após a colheita não apresentaram interferência dos porta-enxertos, em exceção da variável comprimento de baga, com maior média para os porta-enxertos IAC 766 Campinas e IAC 572 Jales. O porta-enxerto IAC 572 Jales apresentou maior média de diâmetro de caule e proporcionou maior índice de fertilidade de gemas. O porta-enxerto Paulsen 1103 proporcionou poucos efeitos nas variáveis observadas nas videiras enxertadas. A cultivar de uva para mesa BRS Isis apresenta boa compatibilidade aos porta-enxertos IAC 766 Campinas, IAC 572 Jales e Paulsen 1103 na região de estudo.
In recent years the greatest trend in the consumption of seedless grapes has been observed. As a result, the replacement of traditional cultivars by new cultivars developed by Embrapa began. The objective of the study was to evaluate and establish the best relationship between rootstock and crown, evaluating the table grape cultivar BRS Isis with tropical rootstocks IAC 766 Campinas, IAC 572 Jales and Paulsen 1103 cultivated in São Manuel, SP. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm São Manuel, which belongs to the Campus Botucatu FCA/UNESP. The treatments consisted of three rootstocks (IAC 766, IAC 572 and Paulsen 1103) and the table grape cultivar BRS Isis. The phenological characteristics, the characterization of the thermal requirements, yolk fertility, evolution of the grapes maturation were evaluated; fresh clusters and stalks; length and width of curls; number of berries per bunch; fresh mass, length and width of berries; soluble solids, titratable acidity, maturation index and pH; rootstock diameter. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, consisting of 3 treatments, with 7 replications and 3 plants per experimental plot. The cultivar's cycle, characterized between pruning and harvesting, lasted 156 days and an accumulation of degree-days of 2004,6 GD. The rootstocks did not interfere with the phenological characteristics and thermal requirements, and had few effects on the chemical characteristics that mark the evolution of the berry maturation. The physical and chemical characteristics after harvest did not show interference from the rootstocks, except for the variable berry length, with the highest average for the rootstocks IAC 766 Campinas and IAC 572 Jales. The rootstock IAC 572 Jales had the highest average stem diameter and provided the highest bud fertility index. The Paulsen 1103 rootstock provided little effect on the variables observed in the grafted vines. The table grape cultivar BRS Isis presents good compatibility with the rootstocks IAC 766 Campinas, IAC 572 Jales and Paulsen 1103 in the study region.
In recent years the greatest trend in the consumption of seedless grapes has been observed. As a result, the replacement of traditional cultivars by new cultivars developed by Embrapa began. The objective of the study was to evaluate and establish the best relationship between rootstock and crown, evaluating the table grape cultivar BRS Isis with tropical rootstocks IAC 766 Campinas, IAC 572 Jales and Paulsen 1103 cultivated in São Manuel, SP. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm São Manuel, which belongs to the Campus Botucatu FCA/UNESP. The treatments consisted of three rootstocks (IAC 766, IAC 572 and Paulsen 1103) and the table grape cultivar BRS Isis. The phenological characteristics, the characterization of the thermal requirements, yolk fertility, evolution of the grapes maturation were evaluated; fresh clusters and stalks; length and width of curls; number of berries per bunch; fresh mass, length and width of berries; soluble solids, titratable acidity, maturation index and pH; rootstock diameter. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, consisting of 3 treatments, with 7 replications and 3 plants per experimental plot. The cultivar's cycle, characterized between pruning and harvesting, lasted 156 days and an accumulation of degree-days of 2004,6 GD. The rootstocks did not interfere with the phenological characteristics and thermal requirements, and had few effects on the chemical characteristics that mark the evolution of the berry maturation. The physical and chemical characteristics after harvest did not show interference from the rootstocks, except for the variable berry length, with the highest average for the rootstocks IAC 766 Campinas and IAC 572 Jales. The rootstock IAC 572 Jales had the highest average stem diameter and provided the highest bud fertility index. The Paulsen 1103 rootstock provided little effect on the variables observed in the grafted vines. The table grape cultivar BRS Isis presents good compatibility with the rootstocks IAC 766 Campinas, IAC 572 Jales and Paulsen 1103 in the study region.
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Palavras-chave
Fenologia da videira, Uvas sem semente, Índice de maturação, Exigências térmicas, BRS Isis, Grape phenology, Seedless grapes, Maturation index, Thermal requirements