Desempenho e estabilidade de genótipos de soja precoces em ensaios de vcu para uso na rotação com cana-de-açúcar no estado de são paulo
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Data
2021-06-04
Autores
Alexandrino, Julia Godoy [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A cana-de-açúcar e a soja são culturas de extrema importância para o agronegócio brasileiro, cuja demanda por seus produtos e subprodutos é crescente em todo o mundo. Sabe-se que o sistema de produção Soja x Cana (SSC) opera com grande eficiência e contribui com a sustentabilidade do agronegócio. Cultivares de soja adequadas para uso no SSC devem apresentar ciclo curto, adaptação à região edafoclimática e alta produtividade. Para isso, ensaios experimentais de Valor de Cultivo e Uso (VCU) de soja foram conduzidos com o intuito de avaliar genótipos de soja de endogamia avançada, adaptados ao sistema de rotação Soja x Cana, visando identificação de linhagens com potencial para registro e proteção de novas cultivares comerciais para esta finalidade agrícola. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com três repetições e vinte e quatro tratamentos, nos anos agrícolas 2018/19 e 2019/20. Considerando todos os ambientes avaliados, os menores ciclos vegetativos foram exibidos pelos genótipos (G) G1 (101 dias) e G19 (102 dias), enquanto as maiores produtividades foram de 4605,08 kg ha-1 (G17) e 4313,75 kg ha-1 (G19). Destacamos os genótipos G1 e G4 por apresentarem potencial comercial para futuro registro e disponibilização para uso no sistema de rotação Soja x Cana em semeadura direta, por combinar as características de bom desenvolvimento vegetativo, elevado potencial produtivo, ciclo curto e estabilidade de produção.
Sugarcane and soybean are extremely relevant crops for Brazilian agribusiness, whose demand for their products and by-products is increasing worldwide. The Soybean x Sugarcane production system (SSC) operates with favorable efficiency and contributes to agribusiness sustainability. Soybean cultivars suitable for use in SSC must have early cycle, adaptation to the edaphoclimatic region, and high yield. For this, experimental tests of soybean cultivation and use value (VCU) were conducted to evaluate advanced inbreeding soybean genotypes, adapted to the SSC system, aiming the identification of the lines with potential for registration and protection of new commercial cultivars for this agricultural purpose. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with three replications and twenty-four treatments in the agricultural years 2018/19 and 2019/20. Considering all the environments evaluated, the lowest vegetative cycles were exhibited by genotypes (G) G1 (101 days) and G19 (102 days), while the highest yields were 4605.08 kg ha-1 (G17) and 4313.75 kg ha-1 (G9). We highlighted the genotypes G1 and G4 by their potential for future registration and availability for use in the sugarcane x soybean rotation system under no-tillage for combining the traits of good vegetative development, high yield potential, early cycle, and stability.
Sugarcane and soybean are extremely relevant crops for Brazilian agribusiness, whose demand for their products and by-products is increasing worldwide. The Soybean x Sugarcane production system (SSC) operates with favorable efficiency and contributes to agribusiness sustainability. Soybean cultivars suitable for use in SSC must have early cycle, adaptation to the edaphoclimatic region, and high yield. For this, experimental tests of soybean cultivation and use value (VCU) were conducted to evaluate advanced inbreeding soybean genotypes, adapted to the SSC system, aiming the identification of the lines with potential for registration and protection of new commercial cultivars for this agricultural purpose. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with three replications and twenty-four treatments in the agricultural years 2018/19 and 2019/20. Considering all the environments evaluated, the lowest vegetative cycles were exhibited by genotypes (G) G1 (101 days) and G19 (102 days), while the highest yields were 4605.08 kg ha-1 (G17) and 4313.75 kg ha-1 (G9). We highlighted the genotypes G1 and G4 by their potential for future registration and availability for use in the sugarcane x soybean rotation system under no-tillage for combining the traits of good vegetative development, high yield potential, early cycle, and stability.
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Palavras-chave
Glycine max, Saccharum officinarum, Cultivo intercalado, Plantas Melhoramento genético, Cana-de-açúcar Cultivo