Qualidade funcional da pasta de abacate "hass" adicionado do probiótico Lactobacillus rhamnosus
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Data
2021-08-26
Autores
Nuvolari, Cibelli Magalhães [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O interesse por fontes alternativas para uma alimentação saudável é crescente; assim, a demanda por alimentos funcionais (alimentos ou ingredientes que produzem efeitos benéficos no organismo) e a inovação na elaboração de produtos funcionais vem aumentando constantemente. Dentre as classes de alimentos funcionais, destacam-se os probióticos, compostos fenólicos, fibras, ácidos graxos monoinsaturados, compostos antioxidantes e fitoesteróis. O abacate é considerado um dos principais frutos tropicais, de expressiva importância no cenário nacional e internacional, com destaque pela sua qualidade nutricional; possuindo vitaminas lipossolúveis, fibras, quantidade significativa de minerais, alto teor de ácidos graxos, gordura monoinsaturada, alto poder antioxidante, elevado conteúdo de compostos fenólicos, fitoesterois e tocoferóis. O consumo do abacate ´Hass` (Persea Americana Mill) auxilia no tratamento de doenças crônicas, possuem efeito antioxidante e potente ação anticancerígena. As doenças crônicas, principalmente as doenças cardiovasculares, é a principal causa de morte no mundo, sendo a hipercolesterolemia, a hipertrigliceridemia, o aumento do LDL colesterol e a redução do HDL considerados fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares. Os probióticos são de interesse cientifico e comercial com o intuito de prevenir ou tratar enfermidade. Lactobacillus rhamnosus é um dos organismos probióticos que apresenta vários efeitos importantes a saúde, tais como prevenção e tratamento a alergia, prevenção e tratamento de hipercolesterolemia e a diarréia, tratamento de infecções gastrointestinais, efeito anti-inflamatório, e aumento de parâmetros imunes em idosos e crianças. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar se a pasta de abacate adicionado do probiótico L. rhamnosus apresenta efeito como produto funcional sobre o perfil bioquímico de coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus), verificando suas propriedades no controle de lipídios e glicemia plasmáticos; e avaliar os efeitos da pasta de abacate em relação ao peso corporal dos animais e peso da gordura visceral. A pasta de abacate adicionado do probiótico L. rhamnosus, contêm polpa de abacate, açúcar demerara, cacau, lecitina de soja, ácido cítrico. A pasta foi irradiada a 5 kGy e após foi inoculado o L. rhamnosus liofilizado com uma dose de 1011 UFC, e mantido a temperatura de refrigeração, durante todo o período de 40 dias de experimento. A pasta foi administrada em coelhos (fêmeas) do grupo genético Botucatu, uma linhagem sintética originada de híbridos Norfolk 2000, que constituíram dois grupos experimentais: Grupo 1, que recebiam água e ração comercial, e Grupo 2 tratados com água, ração comercial e a pasta de abacate. No dia 1 e dia 41 do experimento foram coletadas amostras de sangue dos animais para análises de glicose plasmática e bioquímicas de perfil lipídico, como triglicerídeos, colesterol total, LDL colesterol, HDL colesterol. Foi avaliado também o perfil antropométrico, sendo calculado ganho de peso corporal (%) e peso da gordura visceral. Foi avaliada a eficiência alimentar através do coeficiente de eficácia alimentar (CEA), compreendida entre o ganho de peso do animal por quantidade de alimento consumido. Os resultados da administração da pasta de abacate nos coelhos não apresentaram variações significativas no perfil antropométrico de ganho de peso corporal e peso da gordura visceral. Os níveis plasmáticos de glicemia, colesterol total e HDL colesterol também não diferiram estatisticamente entre o grupo controle e o grupo tratamento, porém os níveis plasmáticos de triglicerídeos e LDL colesterol reduziram significativamente, confirmando o efeito funcional da pasta, tanto quanto aos benefícios do abacate quanto ao seu potencial probiótico com o uso da cepa de L. rhamnosus.
Interest in alternative sources for healthy eating is growing; thus, the demand for functional foods (foods or ingredients that produce beneficial effects on the body) and innovation in the development of functional products is constantly increasing. Among the functional food classes, probiotics, phenolic compounds, fiber, monounsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant compounds and phytosterols stand out. Avocado is considered one of the main tropical fruits, of expressive importance on the national and international scene, highlighted by its nutritional quality; having fat-soluble vitamins, fiber, significant amount of minerals, high content of fatty acids, monounsaturated fat, high antioxidant power, high content of phenolic compounds, phytosterols and tocopherols. The consumption of 'Hass' avocado (Persea Americana Mill) helps in the treatment of chronic diseases, has an antioxidant effect and powerful anticancer action. Chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, are the leading cause of death in the world, with hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, an increase in LDL cholesterol and a reduction in HDL considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Probiotics are of scientific and commercial interest in order to prevent or treat disease. Lactobacillus rhamnosus is one of the probiotic organisms that has several important health effects, such as prevention and treatment of allergy, prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia and diarrhea, treatment of gastrointestinal infections, antiinflammatory effect, and increase in immune parameters in the elderly and kids. The objective of this work was to evaluate whether avocado paste added with the probiotic L. rhamnosus has an effect as a functional product on the biochemical profile of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), verifying its properties in the control of plasma lipids and blood glucose; and evaluate the effects of avocado paste on animal body weight and visceral fat weight. Avocado paste added with the probiotic L. rhamnosus, contains avocado pulp, demerara sugar, cocoa, soy lecithin, citric acid. The paste was irradiated at 5 kGy and then lyophilized L. rhamnosus was inoculated at a dose of 1011 CFU, and kept at refrigeration temperature, during the entire period of 40 days of the experiment. The paste was administered to rabbits (females) of the Botucatu genetic group, a synthetic strain originated from Norfolk 2000 hybrids, which constituted two experimental groups: Group 1, which received water and commercial feed, and Group 2 treated with water, commercial feed and the avocado paste. On day 1 and day 41 of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the animals for plasma glucose and lipid profile biochemical analysis, such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol. Anthropometric profile was also evaluated, and body weight gain (%) and visceral fat weight were calculated. Feed efficiency was evaluated through the coefficient of feed effectiveness (CEA), comprised between the weight gain of the animal per amount of food consumed. The results of the administration of avocado paste in rabbits did not show significant variations in the anthropometric profile of body weight gain and visceral fat weight. Plasma levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol did not differ statistically between the control group and the treatment group either, but plasma levels of triglycerides and LDL cholesterol significantly reduced, confirming the functional effect of the paste, both in terms of the benefits of avocado and to its probiotic potential with the use of the L. rhamnosus strain.
Interest in alternative sources for healthy eating is growing; thus, the demand for functional foods (foods or ingredients that produce beneficial effects on the body) and innovation in the development of functional products is constantly increasing. Among the functional food classes, probiotics, phenolic compounds, fiber, monounsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant compounds and phytosterols stand out. Avocado is considered one of the main tropical fruits, of expressive importance on the national and international scene, highlighted by its nutritional quality; having fat-soluble vitamins, fiber, significant amount of minerals, high content of fatty acids, monounsaturated fat, high antioxidant power, high content of phenolic compounds, phytosterols and tocopherols. The consumption of 'Hass' avocado (Persea Americana Mill) helps in the treatment of chronic diseases, has an antioxidant effect and powerful anticancer action. Chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, are the leading cause of death in the world, with hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, an increase in LDL cholesterol and a reduction in HDL considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Probiotics are of scientific and commercial interest in order to prevent or treat disease. Lactobacillus rhamnosus is one of the probiotic organisms that has several important health effects, such as prevention and treatment of allergy, prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia and diarrhea, treatment of gastrointestinal infections, antiinflammatory effect, and increase in immune parameters in the elderly and kids. The objective of this work was to evaluate whether avocado paste added with the probiotic L. rhamnosus has an effect as a functional product on the biochemical profile of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), verifying its properties in the control of plasma lipids and blood glucose; and evaluate the effects of avocado paste on animal body weight and visceral fat weight. Avocado paste added with the probiotic L. rhamnosus, contains avocado pulp, demerara sugar, cocoa, soy lecithin, citric acid. The paste was irradiated at 5 kGy and then lyophilized L. rhamnosus was inoculated at a dose of 1011 CFU, and kept at refrigeration temperature, during the entire period of 40 days of the experiment. The paste was administered to rabbits (females) of the Botucatu genetic group, a synthetic strain originated from Norfolk 2000 hybrids, which constituted two experimental groups: Group 1, which received water and commercial feed, and Group 2 treated with water, commercial feed and the avocado paste. On day 1 and day 41 of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the animals for plasma glucose and lipid profile biochemical analysis, such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol. Anthropometric profile was also evaluated, and body weight gain (%) and visceral fat weight were calculated. Feed efficiency was evaluated through the coefficient of feed effectiveness (CEA), comprised between the weight gain of the animal per amount of food consumed. The results of the administration of avocado paste in rabbits did not show significant variations in the anthropometric profile of body weight gain and visceral fat weight. Plasma levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol did not differ statistically between the control group and the treatment group either, but plasma levels of triglycerides and LDL cholesterol significantly reduced, confirming the functional effect of the paste, both in terms of the benefits of avocado and to its probiotic potential with the use of the L. rhamnosus strain.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Abacate, Rabbits, Probiotics, Lactobacillus, Colesterol, Avocado, Coelhos, Probióticos, Persea americana Mill, Functional foods, Alimentos funcionais, Hypercholesterolemia