Agricultura 4.0 nas lavouras: estudo multicaso para caracterização em propriedades rurais
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Data
2021-09-27
Autores
Rocha, Eduardo Tadeu Bueno da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivo: o objetivo do estudo foi identificar e caracterizar a adoção da Agricultura 4.0 nas lavouras produtivas, constatando seus impactos e se há viabilidade de aplicação às respectivas produções. Metodologia: o presente trabalho usa como base do estudo a produção de seis produtores de soja na safra de verão 2020/2021, na região de São Gotardo/MG. A pesquisa teve o enfoque na exploração e na descrição do objeto de estudo, a fim de atingir os objetivos propostos. A abordagem é predominante qualitativa. O método utilizado foi o estudo multicaso, o que dá mais elementos para realizar as observações necessárias, e os procedimentos para a elaboração do estudo foi via questionários com os produtores rurais a fim de esclarecer sua produção, e a utilização e o seu entendimento sobre Agricultura 4.0, por meio de duas etapas. Resultado e Discussões: o estudo apresentou dois questionários e os resultados econômicos de seis produtores de soja da região de São Gotardo-MG. O primeiro questionário apresentou dados sobre o perfil produtivo de cada produtor, o que identificou que são produtores experientes e diversificados, com áreas consideradas para cultivo de soja e com técnicas modernas de produção. Os resultados econômicos apresentaram números satisfatórios, com produtividade acima da média nacional e com retorno econômico para os seis produtores. O segundo questionário apresentou 20 perguntas a respeito do entendimento sobre Agricultura 4.0 e o uso de suas tecnologias. As respostas mostraram falta de conhecimento sobre a termologia, porém com uso das tecnologias nas lavouras. Conclusões e Considerações Finais: o trabalho apresentou resultados positivos a respeito do objetivo proposto. Foi estudado a Agricultura 4.0 e o seu conceito, a partir da análise sobre produtores rurais de soja. Foi constatado falta de conhecimento da termologia pelos produtores, porém é utilizado inúmeras técnicas provenientes da Agricultura 4.0, e o que levou bons resultados às lavouras. Os produtores têm o interesse de conhecer e investir mais a respeito da Agricultura 4.0 em suas produções, porém enfrentam dificuldades em relação a infraestrutura, econômicas e de profissionais capacitados na área. Originalidade: o assunto Agricultura 4.0 é relativamente novo no setor agropecuário, sendo que a academia começou a desenvolver estudos sobre o tema a partir de 2015, com mais publicações nos últimos dois anos. No Brasil ainda é um assunto não muito desenvolvido e com poucas publicações, mas com grande interesse por parte do setor. Portanto, será um estudo que irá estudar afundo sobre o assunto, descreve-lo e esclarecer o conteúdo, visto que há pouca produção a respeito do tema, e será de grande valia, seja para produtores rurais, mas também a academia. A Agricultura 4.0 tem como princípio o aumento de produtividade, redução de custos financeiros e a diminuição nos impactos ambientais.
Summary Purpose The objective of the study was to identify and characterize the adoption of Agriculture 4.0 in productive crops, verifying its impacts and whether there is feasibility of applying it to the respective productions. Methodology The present work uses as a basis for the study the production of six soybean producers in the 2020/2021 summer crop, in the region of São Gotardo/MG. The research focused on the exploration and description of the object of study, in order to achieve the proposed objectives. The approach is predominantly qualitative. The method used was the multicase study, which gives more elements to carry out the necessary observations, and the procedures for the preparation of the study were via questionnaires with rural producers in order to clarify their production, and the use and their understanding of Agriculture 4.0, through two steps. Findings and Discussions The study presented two questionnaires and the economic results of six soy producers in the region of São Gotardo-MG. The first questionnaire presented data on the productive profile of each producer, which identified that they are experienced and diversified producers, with areas considered for soybean cultivation and with modern production techniques. The economic results showed satisfactory numbers, with productivity above the national average and with an economic return for the six producers. The second questionnaire had 20 questions about understanding Agriculture 4.0 and the use of its technologies. The answers showed a lack of knowledge about thermology, but with the use of technologies in the fields. Conclusions and Final Considerations The work presented positive results regarding the proposed objective. Agriculture 4.0 and its concept were studied, based on the analysis of rural soy producers. A lack of knowledge of thermology was found by the producers, but numerous techniques from Agriculture 4.0 are used, and this has led to good results for crops. Producers are interested in knowing and investing more about Agriculture 4.0 in their production, but they face difficulties in relation to infrastructure, economics and trained professionals in the area. Originality The subject of Agriculture 4.0 is relatively new in the agricultural sector, and the academy started to develop studies on the subject in 2015, with more publications in the last two years. In Brazil, it is still a subject that is not very developed and with few publications, but with great interest on the part of the sector. Therefore, it will be a study that will study the subject in depth, describe it and clarify the content, since there is little production on the subject, and it will be of great value, both for rural producers, but also for academic. Agriculture 4.0 is based on the principle of increasing productivity, reducing financial costs and reducing environmental impacts.
Summary Purpose The objective of the study was to identify and characterize the adoption of Agriculture 4.0 in productive crops, verifying its impacts and whether there is feasibility of applying it to the respective productions. Methodology The present work uses as a basis for the study the production of six soybean producers in the 2020/2021 summer crop, in the region of São Gotardo/MG. The research focused on the exploration and description of the object of study, in order to achieve the proposed objectives. The approach is predominantly qualitative. The method used was the multicase study, which gives more elements to carry out the necessary observations, and the procedures for the preparation of the study were via questionnaires with rural producers in order to clarify their production, and the use and their understanding of Agriculture 4.0, through two steps. Findings and Discussions The study presented two questionnaires and the economic results of six soy producers in the region of São Gotardo-MG. The first questionnaire presented data on the productive profile of each producer, which identified that they are experienced and diversified producers, with areas considered for soybean cultivation and with modern production techniques. The economic results showed satisfactory numbers, with productivity above the national average and with an economic return for the six producers. The second questionnaire had 20 questions about understanding Agriculture 4.0 and the use of its technologies. The answers showed a lack of knowledge about thermology, but with the use of technologies in the fields. Conclusions and Final Considerations The work presented positive results regarding the proposed objective. Agriculture 4.0 and its concept were studied, based on the analysis of rural soy producers. A lack of knowledge of thermology was found by the producers, but numerous techniques from Agriculture 4.0 are used, and this has led to good results for crops. Producers are interested in knowing and investing more about Agriculture 4.0 in their production, but they face difficulties in relation to infrastructure, economics and trained professionals in the area. Originality The subject of Agriculture 4.0 is relatively new in the agricultural sector, and the academy started to develop studies on the subject in 2015, with more publications in the last two years. In Brazil, it is still a subject that is not very developed and with few publications, but with great interest on the part of the sector. Therefore, it will be a study that will study the subject in depth, describe it and clarify the content, since there is little production on the subject, and it will be of great value, both for rural producers, but also for academic. Agriculture 4.0 is based on the principle of increasing productivity, reducing financial costs and reducing environmental impacts.
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Agricultura Digital, Internet of Things, Big Data, Inteligência Artificial, Agricultura de Precisão, Gestão Rural