Armazenamento de manga em baixas temperaturas usando polióis e atmosfera controlada
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2021-12-14
Autores
Sanches, Alex Guimarães [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Mangas (Mangifera indica L.) são frutas perecíveis e desenvolvem injúrias pelo frio (IF) quando armazenadas abaixo de 13 ºC, o que limita sua qualidade, capacidade de armazenamento e possibilidades de envio para mercados potenciais distantes. Para superar essas limitações, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de polióis (glicerol, propilenoglicol e sorbitol) em associação com atmosfera controlada (5 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2) para reduzir a susceptibilidade de mangas ‘Palmer’ a injúria pelo frio quando armazenadas a baixas temperaturas. As variáveis físico-químicas e bioquímicas, além da incidência da injúria pelo frio foram investigadas no epicarpo (casca) e mesocarpo (polpa). Em geral, as variáveis físico-químicas não foram comprometidas com os tratamentos. Durante o armazenamento a 8,0 ºC com diferentes concentrações de polióis (0,1, 0,5 e 2,5 % m/v) houve alívio dos sintomas da injúria pelo frio, especialmente em mangas tratadas com sorbitol 2,5 %, e isso foi associado com menor acúmulo de peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) e peroxidação lipídica (PL), preservação do conteúdo de ascorbato (AsA) e aumento nas atividades das enzimas antioxidantes superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) e ascorbato peroxidase (APX). Em temperaturas mais baixas (1,0 ºC), o efeito dos polióis (0,1 %) foi investigado, e a solução de sorbitol também aliviou os sintomas da IF durante 14 dias de armazenamento refrigerado e após 7 dias em ambiente. Além disso, baixas conteúdos de H2O2, PL e atividade da polifenoloxidase (PPO) e altas concentrações de AsA e de atividade das enzimas SOD, CAT e APX foram relacionados à tolerância à IF nessas frutas. Por fim, os frutos foram tratados com soluções de sorbitol (0,1 e 2,5 %) e armazenados sob AC (5 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2) a 8,0 ºC. Mangas tratadas com sorbitol 2,5 % + AC não desenvolveram sintomas de IF sob armazenamento refrigerado, enquanto no ambiente as lesões foram mínimas. Essa resposta foi associada a altas concentrações de AsA e polifenóis totais, aumento da atividade de SOD, CAT, APX, além de redução da atividade de PPO no epicarpo e mesocarpo. O desenvolvimento da injúria pelo frio foi associado à perda de massa fresca, cor do epicarpo (L *, hº e C *), aumento no conteúdo de H2O2, no vazamento de eletrólitos (EL), na PL e na atividade oxidativa da PPO. Esses resultados sugerem que o sorbitol (2,5 %) pode ser uma alternativa para o alívio da IF em mangas 'Palmer', especialmente quando associado a AC.
Mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) are perishable fruits and develop chilling injury (CI) when stored below 13 ºC, which limits their quality, storage capacity, and possibilities for shipping to distant potential markets. To overcome these limitations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of polyols (glycerol, propylene glycol, and sorbitol) in combination with a controlled atmosphere (5 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2) to reduce the susceptibility of 'Palmer' mangoes to chilling injury when stored at low temperatures. The physicochemical and biochemical variables, in addition to the incidence of CI, were investigated in the epicarp (peel) and mesocarp (pulp). In general, the physicochemical variables were not compromised by the treatments. During storage at 8.0 ºC with different concentrations of polyols (0.1, 0.5, and 2.5% m/v) there was relief from the symptoms of CI, especially in mangoes treated with 2.5% sorbitol, and this was associated with a lower accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (LP), preservation of ascorbate (AsA) content, and increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). At lower temperatures (1.0 ºC), the effect of polyols (0.1%) was investigated, and the sorbitol solution also alleviated CI symptoms during 14 days of refrigerated storage and after 7 days in the room. Furthermore, low contents of H2O2, PL, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and high concentrations of AsA and activity of SOD, CAT, and APX enzymes were related to tolerance to CI in these fruits. Finally, the fruits were treated with sorbitol solutions (0.1 and 2.5%) and stored under AC (5 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2) at 8.0 ºC. Mangoes treated with 2.5% sorbitol + AC did not develop symptoms of CI under refrigerated storage, while in the environment the lesions were minimal. This response was associated with high concentrations of AsA and total polyphenols, increased SOD, CAT, APX activity, and reduced PPO activity in the epicarp and mesocarp. The development of cold injury was associated with loss of fresh weight, epicarp color (L *, hº and C *) increase in H2O2 content, electrolyte leakage (EL), LP, and PPO oxidative activity. These results suggest that sorbitol (2.5%) may be an alternative for the relief of CI in 'Palmer' mangoes, especially when associated with CA.
Mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) are perishable fruits and develop chilling injury (CI) when stored below 13 ºC, which limits their quality, storage capacity, and possibilities for shipping to distant potential markets. To overcome these limitations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of polyols (glycerol, propylene glycol, and sorbitol) in combination with a controlled atmosphere (5 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2) to reduce the susceptibility of 'Palmer' mangoes to chilling injury when stored at low temperatures. The physicochemical and biochemical variables, in addition to the incidence of CI, were investigated in the epicarp (peel) and mesocarp (pulp). In general, the physicochemical variables were not compromised by the treatments. During storage at 8.0 ºC with different concentrations of polyols (0.1, 0.5, and 2.5% m/v) there was relief from the symptoms of CI, especially in mangoes treated with 2.5% sorbitol, and this was associated with a lower accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (LP), preservation of ascorbate (AsA) content, and increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). At lower temperatures (1.0 ºC), the effect of polyols (0.1%) was investigated, and the sorbitol solution also alleviated CI symptoms during 14 days of refrigerated storage and after 7 days in the room. Furthermore, low contents of H2O2, PL, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and high concentrations of AsA and activity of SOD, CAT, and APX enzymes were related to tolerance to CI in these fruits. Finally, the fruits were treated with sorbitol solutions (0.1 and 2.5%) and stored under AC (5 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2) at 8.0 ºC. Mangoes treated with 2.5% sorbitol + AC did not develop symptoms of CI under refrigerated storage, while in the environment the lesions were minimal. This response was associated with high concentrations of AsA and total polyphenols, increased SOD, CAT, APX activity, and reduced PPO activity in the epicarp and mesocarp. The development of cold injury was associated with loss of fresh weight, epicarp color (L *, hº and C *) increase in H2O2 content, electrolyte leakage (EL), LP, and PPO oxidative activity. These results suggest that sorbitol (2.5%) may be an alternative for the relief of CI in 'Palmer' mangoes, especially when associated with CA.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mangifera indica L., Polióis, Polyols, Antioxidantes, Injúria, Atmosfera, Antioxidants, Injury, Atmosphere