Estudo retrospectivo e espacial de diagnósticos anatomopatológicos da criptococose canina e felina em municípios do Estado de São Paulo
Carregando...
Data
2022-01-11
Autores
Toscano, Mariela Fonseca
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A criptococose é uma importante enfermidade fúngica sistêmica, causada pelo complexo patogênico Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii. Acomete humanos e diferentes espécies de animais domésticos e silvestres, e ocorre com maior frequência na espécie felina. Caracteriza-se como uma saprozoonose, pois a infecção ocorre a partir da exposição ao ambiente contaminado. As leveduras podem ser isoladas em excremento de aves, matéria orgânica em decomposição e outras diversas fontes ambientais. O presente trabalho tem como por objetivo revisar a literatura atual acerca das características epidemiológicas e clínicas e dos principais métodos de diagnóstico da infecção em cães e gatos. Exames anatomopatológicos (necropsia, histopatológico e citopatológico) são importantes ferramentas para o diagnóstico morfológico e etiológico da doença. Cães e gatos acometidos pela infecção desenvolvem alterações, principalmente, no trato respiratório, sistema nervoso central, globo ocular e tecido cutâneo. Na macroscopia são identificadas lesões planas ou nodulares, ulcerativas, exsudativas e gelatinosas. Microscopicamente são evidenciadas estruturas fúngicas leveduriformes, arredondadas a ovais, envoltas por uma espessa cápsula, junto a macrófagos, células gigantes multinucleadas, linfócitos e neutrófilos. Também foram avaliados estudos referentes ao georreferenciamento de dados e a distribuição espacial da criptococose. O geoprocessamento em saúde pode ser utilizado para análise da distribuição de casos da criptococose canina e felina no território brasileiro e para a definição de áreas de maior risco ou ocorrência da micose. No entanto, os relatos da análise espacial da criptococose no Brasil são escassos e praticamente restritos aos casos humanos.
Cryptococcosis is an important systemic fungal disease, caused by the pathogenic complexe Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. It affects humans and different species of domestic and wild animals, and occurs more frequently in feline species. It is characterized as a saprozoonosis, as the infection occurs from exposure to the contaminated environment. Yeasts can be isolated from bird droppings, decaying organic matter and other various environmental sources. This paper aims to review the current literature on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the infection and the main diagnostic methods in dogs and cats. Anatomopathological examinations (necropsy, histopathological and cytopathological) are important tools for the morphological and etiological diagnosis of the disease. Dogs and cats affected by the infection develop changes, mainly in the respiratory tract, central nervous system, eyeball and skin tissue. Macroscopically, flat or nodular, ulcerative, exudative and gelatinous lesions are identified. Microscopically, yeast-like fungal structures are evidenced, rounded to oval, surrounded by a thick capsule, together with macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Studies referring to the georeferencing of data and the spatial distribution of cryptococcosis were also evaluated. Health geoprocessing can be used to analyze the distribution of cases of canine and feline cryptococcosis in the Brazilian territory and to define areas of greater risk or occurrence of mycosis. However, reports on the spatial analysis of cryptococcosis in Brazil are scarce and practically restricted to human cases.
Cryptococcosis is an important systemic fungal disease, caused by the pathogenic complexe Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. It affects humans and different species of domestic and wild animals, and occurs more frequently in feline species. It is characterized as a saprozoonosis, as the infection occurs from exposure to the contaminated environment. Yeasts can be isolated from bird droppings, decaying organic matter and other various environmental sources. This paper aims to review the current literature on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the infection and the main diagnostic methods in dogs and cats. Anatomopathological examinations (necropsy, histopathological and cytopathological) are important tools for the morphological and etiological diagnosis of the disease. Dogs and cats affected by the infection develop changes, mainly in the respiratory tract, central nervous system, eyeball and skin tissue. Macroscopically, flat or nodular, ulcerative, exudative and gelatinous lesions are identified. Microscopically, yeast-like fungal structures are evidenced, rounded to oval, surrounded by a thick capsule, together with macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Studies referring to the georeferencing of data and the spatial distribution of cryptococcosis were also evaluated. Health geoprocessing can be used to analyze the distribution of cases of canine and feline cryptococcosis in the Brazilian territory and to define areas of greater risk or occurrence of mycosis. However, reports on the spatial analysis of cryptococcosis in Brazil are scarce and practically restricted to human cases.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cryptococcus, Patologia veterinária, Mapas, Veterinary pathology, Maps