Fontes lipídicas suplementares para bovinos nelore confinados: desempenho, saúde ruminal e análise proteômica
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Data
2022-01-14
Autores
Müller, Leonardo Rosolen
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O experimento foi delineado para avaliar os efeitos da associação entre caroço de algodão (CA) e sais cálcicos de ácidos graxos (SCAG) sob o consumo de matéria seca (CMS), desempenho, características de carcaça, saúde ruminal e qualidade de carne de bovinos de corte Bos indicus recebendo dietas com alto teor de concentrado. No dia 0, 96 animais não castrados foram blocados pelo peso vivo (PV) inicial (302 ± 26,7 kg), alocados aleatoriamente em 1 de 4 tratamentos: 1) 0CA: 0% de CA e 5% de SCAG de óleo de palma, soja e algodão (n = 6), 2) 5CA: adição de 5% de CA e 4% de SCAG de óleo de palma, soja e algodão (n = 6), 3) 10CA: adição de 10% de CA e 3% de SCAG de óleo de palma, soja e algodão (n = 6) e 4) 15CA: adição de 15% de CA e 2% de SCAG de óleo de palma, soja e algodão (n = 6). O período experimental durou 108 dias, enquanto o consumo de matéria seca (CMS) foi avaliado diariamente e as amostras de sangue e medidas de carcaça foram obtidas nos dias 0, 55 e 108 do estudo. No abate no dia 109, os bifes foram coletados para determinação do perfil químico e de ácidos graxos (AG) da carne. Não foram observados efeitos do tratamento (P ≥ 0,35) sobre o CMS, desempenho, ganho médio diário (GMD), medidas de ultrassom de carcaça e variáveis químicas do bife. No entanto, a inclusão de SCAG nas dietas aumentou C12:0, C16:0, C16:1 trans-9, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1 cis-9, C18:2 cis-9,cis-12, C18 :3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15, ingestão de AG saturado e insaturado (P < 0,01). Além disso, a adição de CA aumentou a flutuação do CMS e a eficiência alimentar (P = 0,03), mas diminuiu o marmoreio (P ≤ 0,03). Uma interação tratamento x dia foi observada (P < 0,01) para a concentração sérica de leptina, pois os animais 10CA apresentaram maior concentração de leptina em d 103 vs. outros tratamentos (P < 0,01). Em relação ao perfil de ácidos graxos do bife, a adição de CA na dieta aumentou C18:2 cis-7,trans-9 e C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 (P < 0,001), enquanto que os ácidos graxos saturados foram afetados quadraticamente (P = 0,02) e a AG insaturada foi reduzida para 15WC (P < 0,04). Em resumo, o aumento dos níveis de SCAG à medida que a CA diminuiu em dietas isolipídicas de terminação não afetou o desempenho do confinamento, mas aumentou a eficiência alimentar e os escores de marmoreio de bovinos Bos indicus, demonstrando sua viabilidade como uma tecnologia para melhorar as características de carcaça de animais de baixo marmoreio.
The experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of the association between cottonseed (CA) and calcium fatty acid salts (SCAG) on dry matter intake (DMI), performance, carcass traits, rumen health and meat quality. of Bos indicus beef cattle receiving diets with high concentrate content. On day 0, 96 non-castrated animals were blocked by initial live weight (LW) (302 ± 26.7 kg), randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) 0CA: 0% CA and 5% SCAG from coconut oil. palm, soybean and cotton (n = 6), 2) 5CA: addition of 5% CA and 4% SCAG of palm oil, soybean and cotton (n = 6), 3) 10CA: addition of 10% CA and 3% SCAG from palm, soybean and cotton oil (n = 6) and 4) 15CA: addition of 15% CA and 2% SCAG from palm, soybean and cotton oil (n = 6). The experimental period lasted 108 days, while dry matter intake (DMI) was evaluated daily and blood samples and carcass measurements were obtained on days 0, 55 and 108 of the study. At slaughter on day 109, the steaks were collected to determine the chemical and fatty acid (FA) profile of the meat. No treatment effects (P ≥ 0.35) were observed on DMI, performance, average daily gain (ADG), carcass ultrasound measurements and steak chemical variables. However, the inclusion of SCAG in the diets increased C12:0, C16:0, C16:1 trans-9, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1 cis-9, C18:2 cis-9, cis-12 , C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15, saturated and unsaturated FA ingestion (P < 0.01). In addition, addition of CA increased CMS float and feed efficiency (P = 0.03), but decreased marbling (P ≤ 0.03). A treatment x day interaction was observed (P < 0.01) for serum leptin concentration, as 10CA animals had higher leptin concentration on d 103 vs. other treatments (P < 0.01). Regarding the fatty acid profile of steak, the addition of CA in the diet increased C18:2 cis-7,trans-9 and C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 (P < 0.001), while saturated fatty acids were quadratically affected (P = 0.02) and unsaturated FA was reduced to 15WC (P < 0.04). In summary, increasing SCAG levels as CA decreased in isolipid finishing diets did not affect feedlot performance, but increased feed efficiency and marbling scores of Bos indicus cattle, demonstrating its viability as a technology to improve the carcass characteristics of low marbling animals.
The experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of the association between cottonseed (CA) and calcium fatty acid salts (SCAG) on dry matter intake (DMI), performance, carcass traits, rumen health and meat quality. of Bos indicus beef cattle receiving diets with high concentrate content. On day 0, 96 non-castrated animals were blocked by initial live weight (LW) (302 ± 26.7 kg), randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) 0CA: 0% CA and 5% SCAG from coconut oil. palm, soybean and cotton (n = 6), 2) 5CA: addition of 5% CA and 4% SCAG of palm oil, soybean and cotton (n = 6), 3) 10CA: addition of 10% CA and 3% SCAG from palm, soybean and cotton oil (n = 6) and 4) 15CA: addition of 15% CA and 2% SCAG from palm, soybean and cotton oil (n = 6). The experimental period lasted 108 days, while dry matter intake (DMI) was evaluated daily and blood samples and carcass measurements were obtained on days 0, 55 and 108 of the study. At slaughter on day 109, the steaks were collected to determine the chemical and fatty acid (FA) profile of the meat. No treatment effects (P ≥ 0.35) were observed on DMI, performance, average daily gain (ADG), carcass ultrasound measurements and steak chemical variables. However, the inclusion of SCAG in the diets increased C12:0, C16:0, C16:1 trans-9, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1 cis-9, C18:2 cis-9, cis-12 , C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15, saturated and unsaturated FA ingestion (P < 0.01). In addition, addition of CA increased CMS float and feed efficiency (P = 0.03), but decreased marbling (P ≤ 0.03). A treatment x day interaction was observed (P < 0.01) for serum leptin concentration, as 10CA animals had higher leptin concentration on d 103 vs. other treatments (P < 0.01). Regarding the fatty acid profile of steak, the addition of CA in the diet increased C18:2 cis-7,trans-9 and C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 (P < 0.001), while saturated fatty acids were quadratically affected (P = 0.02) and unsaturated FA was reduced to 15WC (P < 0.04). In summary, increasing SCAG levels as CA decreased in isolipid finishing diets did not affect feedlot performance, but increased feed efficiency and marbling scores of Bos indicus cattle, demonstrating its viability as a technology to improve the carcass characteristics of low marbling animals.
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Palavras-chave
Bovino, Gordura protegida, Caroço de algodão, Confinamento, Lipidios, Cattle, Feedlot, Lipids