A atuação de equipe interprofissional em instituição de longa permanência para idosos
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Data
2021-03-01
Autores
Chinaque, Laís de Fátima Chuvukan
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O envelhecimento populacional e o desenvolvimento de tecnologias mais eficazes voltadas aos cuidados com a saúde têm permitido que indivíduos com condições anteriormente fatais possam sobreviver por períodos mais longos, porém as pessoas que atingem idades muito avançadas podem desenvolver maior dependência funcional com demandas crescentes por institucionalização. Observa-se um incremento da demanda por assistências de longa duração para idosos, com vários fatores influenciadores, como grau de suporte familiar e disponibilidade de serviços alternativos. Os residentes de Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI) costumam ser frágeis e apresentam múltiplas doenças com curso crônico, alto nível de dependência funcional, risco aumentado de perda de independência e recuperação mais longa e difícil na vigência de intercorrências clínicas. O cuidado demandado pelos idosos na ILPI requer ações que contemplem a atuação interdisciplinar em todos os níveis de atenção, envolvendo profissionais de diversas áreas. A equipe do cuidado deve se articular em condições de competência, sensibilidade e dedicação, a fim de garantir a humanização das ações direcionadas ao idoso. Objetivo: Conhecer o trabalho interprofissional de equipes que atuam em ILPI no município de Botucatu em relação ao número, composição e atuação das equipes interprofissionais. Métodos: Desenho do estudo: Estudo transversal e descritivo. Participantes: Foram convidados profissionais que atuam há pelo um mês nas ILPI. Variáveis: Os profissionais da ILPI responderam questionário composto por questões fechadas. O projeto de pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – Unesp em 14/11/2019 (parecer número: 3.705.381). Resultados: Foram entrevistados 42 profissionais de cinco ILPI. A mediana da idade dos profissionais foi de 35, 5 anos (Percentil 25 – 75 (P25 – 75): 28,5 – 44,2) e tempo de atuação na ILPI de 13 meses (P25 – 75: 6,5 – 49,5). As profissões mais frequentes dos profissionais foram cuidador (52,4%) e técnico de enfermagem (26,2%). As atividades mais frequentemente desempenhadas pelos profissionais foram cuidados diretos com institucionalizados (higiene, medicação, procedimentos) (71,4%) e cuidados com nutrição (57,1%). O plano de cuidado é elaborado a partir rotina de cuidados para 80,5% dos profissionais. A equipe é composta por cuidadores (100%), seguida de fisioterapeuta (78,5%) e auxiliar e técnico de enfermagem (76,1%). A frequência de trabalho interprofissional foi mensal para 50%, diária para 41,1% e semanal para 8,8%. A comunicação da equipe é realizada presencialmente (92,8%), anotação do prontuário (76,1%) e por fim pelo meio digital (69%). Para 88,5% dos profissionais entrevistados existe coordenação do trabalho, sendo o coordenador o enfermeiro para 70,3%. Resumo 3 Todos os participantes afirmaram que possuem capacidade para trabalhar em ILPI. Conclusão: O trabalho da equipe interprofissional é de suma importância para o cuidado ao idoso. Após a aplicação dos questionários, os resultados apresentados corresponderam ao número, composição e atuação das equipes do município de Botucatu-SP. Sendo assim, das cinco ILPI foram entrevistados 42 participantes, evidenciando o cuidador a profissão mais frequente (52,4%). Dentre os desafios, destacou-se a escassez de equipes interprofissionais nas ILPI entrevistadas. Espera-se que no futuro as ILPI possam preservar a identidade e a privacidade do idoso, proporcionando a autonomia dos moradores.
Population aging and the development of more effective technologies aimed at health care have allowed individuals with previously fatal conditions to survive for longer periods, but people who reach very advanced ages can develop greater functional dependence with increasing demands for institutionalization. There is an increase in the demand for long-term care for older people, with several influencing factors, such as the degree of family support and availability of alternative services. Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCF) are usually fragile and have multiple diseases with a chronic course, a high level of functional dependence, increased risk of loss of independence and longer and more difficult recovery in the presence of clinical complications. The care demanded by older people at LTCF requires actions that include interdisciplinary action at all levels of care, involving professionals from different areas. The care team must be articulated in conditions of competence, sensitivity and dedication, in order to ensure the humanization of actions aimed at older people. Objective: To get to know the interprofessional work of teams working in LTCF in the municipality of Botucatu in relation to the number, composition and performance of the interprofessional teams. Methods: Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants: Professionals who have been working at LTCF for a month were invited. Variables: LTCF professionals answered a questionnaire consisting of closed questions. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Botucatu Medical School of Botucatu – Unesp in 11/14/2019 (opinion number: 3.705,381). Results: 42 professionals from five LTCF were interviewed. The median age of the professionals was 35. 5 years (25th - 75th percentile (P25 - 75): 28.5 - 44.2) and length of service at the LSIE was 13 months (P25 - 75: 6.5 - 49 .5). The most frequent professions of professionals were caregiver (52.4%) and nursing technician (26.2%). The activities most frequently performed by professionals were direct care for institutionalized patients (hygiene, medication, procedures - 71.4%) and care with nutrition (57.1%). The care plan is based on routine care for 80.5% of professionals. The team consists of caregivers (100%), followed by a physical therapist (78.5%) and a nursing assistant and technician (76.1%). The frequency of interprofessional work was monthly for 50%, daily for 41.1% and weekly for 8.8%. The team communicates in person (92.8%), annotation of the medical record (76.1%) and finally by digital means (69%). For 88.5% of the interviewed professionals, there is work coordination, with the coordinator being the nurse for 70.3%. All participants stated that they have the capacity to work in LTCF. Abstract 6 Conclusion: The work of the interprofessional team is extremely important for older people care. After applying the questionnaires, the results presented corresponded to the number, composition and performance of teams in the municipality of Botucatu-SP. Thus, of the five LTCF, 42 participants were interviewed, evidencing the caregiver as the most frequent profession (52.4%). Among the challenges, the scarcity of interprofessional teams in the interviewed LTCF was highlighted. It is expected that, in the future, LTCF can preserve the identity and privacy of older people, providing residents with autonomy.
Population aging and the development of more effective technologies aimed at health care have allowed individuals with previously fatal conditions to survive for longer periods, but people who reach very advanced ages can develop greater functional dependence with increasing demands for institutionalization. There is an increase in the demand for long-term care for older people, with several influencing factors, such as the degree of family support and availability of alternative services. Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCF) are usually fragile and have multiple diseases with a chronic course, a high level of functional dependence, increased risk of loss of independence and longer and more difficult recovery in the presence of clinical complications. The care demanded by older people at LTCF requires actions that include interdisciplinary action at all levels of care, involving professionals from different areas. The care team must be articulated in conditions of competence, sensitivity and dedication, in order to ensure the humanization of actions aimed at older people. Objective: To get to know the interprofessional work of teams working in LTCF in the municipality of Botucatu in relation to the number, composition and performance of the interprofessional teams. Methods: Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants: Professionals who have been working at LTCF for a month were invited. Variables: LTCF professionals answered a questionnaire consisting of closed questions. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Botucatu Medical School of Botucatu – Unesp in 11/14/2019 (opinion number: 3.705,381). Results: 42 professionals from five LTCF were interviewed. The median age of the professionals was 35. 5 years (25th - 75th percentile (P25 - 75): 28.5 - 44.2) and length of service at the LSIE was 13 months (P25 - 75: 6.5 - 49 .5). The most frequent professions of professionals were caregiver (52.4%) and nursing technician (26.2%). The activities most frequently performed by professionals were direct care for institutionalized patients (hygiene, medication, procedures - 71.4%) and care with nutrition (57.1%). The care plan is based on routine care for 80.5% of professionals. The team consists of caregivers (100%), followed by a physical therapist (78.5%) and a nursing assistant and technician (76.1%). The frequency of interprofessional work was monthly for 50%, daily for 41.1% and weekly for 8.8%. The team communicates in person (92.8%), annotation of the medical record (76.1%) and finally by digital means (69%). For 88.5% of the interviewed professionals, there is work coordination, with the coordinator being the nurse for 70.3%. All participants stated that they have the capacity to work in LTCF. Abstract 6 Conclusion: The work of the interprofessional team is extremely important for older people care. After applying the questionnaires, the results presented corresponded to the number, composition and performance of teams in the municipality of Botucatu-SP. Thus, of the five LTCF, 42 participants were interviewed, evidencing the caregiver as the most frequent profession (52.4%). Among the challenges, the scarcity of interprofessional teams in the interviewed LTCF was highlighted. It is expected that, in the future, LTCF can preserve the identity and privacy of older people, providing residents with autonomy.
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Palavras-chave
Instituição de longa permanência, Equipe interprofissional, Equipe multidisciplinar, Idoso, Equipe de assistência ao paciente, Long-term care facilities, Interprofessional team, Multidisciplinary team, Older people, Patient care team