Tráfico de mamíferos, aves, répteis e peixes no Pará e São Paulo – Brasil de 2015 a 2020
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Data
2022-01-19
Autores
Souza, Natália Freitas de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Brasil é o berço de uma das maiores e mais diversas riquezas de fauna e flora. Nesse contexto, as espécies animais são bastante almejadas. A caça e o comércio de animais silvestres, apesar de ilegal, ainda é muito praticada impactando não só a sociedade, mas também a economia e, principalmente, os ecossistemas. Nesse cenário, fazer uma análise retrospectiva das espécies de animais silvestres envolvidas no tráfico é necessário para a otimização das estratégias de combate ao tráfico e, assim, evitar a defaunação. Para o estudo, foram obtidos dados de apreensões de animais silvestres (aves, mamíferos, répteis e peixes) realizadas pelo Ibama entre os anos de 2015 e 2020 para os estados do Pará e São Paulo. Dentre os grupos animais, houve um maior número de apreensões de peixes, seguido de aves, répteis e mamíferos. Houve predomínio de apreensões de peixes e répteis no estado do Pará e aves e mamíferos em São Paulo. Além dos animais íntegros, houve também apreensão de subprodutos de origem animal como couro, pele e carne. A identificação das espécies animais foi um ponto crítico que, por vezes, impossibilitou a inclusão de animais nesse levantamento. Desse modo, há necessidade de concentração dos esforços de instituições privadas e públicas bem como da sociedade para combater a prática de maneira efetiva e integrada.
Brazil has one of the greatest and most diverse riches of fauna and flora. In this context, animal species are highly desired worldwide. Hunting and wildlife trade, despite being illegal, is widely practiced, impacting not only the society, but also the national economy and, more importantly, the ecosystems. In this scenario, the retrospective analysis of the wildlife involved in trafficking is essential for optimizing the strategies to combat it in order to avoid defaunation. For this study, the data were obtained from seizures carried out by Ibama between 2015 and 2020 for Pará and São Paulo state. Among the animals, the fish seizures were more prevalent, followed by birds, reptiles and mammal seizures. Fish and reptiles’ seizures were more prevalent in Pará state, while birds and mammals were more prevalent in São Paulo state. In addition to intact animals, the subproducts were also seized, such as leather, skin, meat and swim bladder. The specie identification was a critical point during the development of the work, which did not allow the inclusion of these animals in this survey. Thus, there is a need for intensification of the efforts from private and public institutions, as well as the society to combat this activity in a more effective and integrated manner.
Brazil has one of the greatest and most diverse riches of fauna and flora. In this context, animal species are highly desired worldwide. Hunting and wildlife trade, despite being illegal, is widely practiced, impacting not only the society, but also the national economy and, more importantly, the ecosystems. In this scenario, the retrospective analysis of the wildlife involved in trafficking is essential for optimizing the strategies to combat it in order to avoid defaunation. For this study, the data were obtained from seizures carried out by Ibama between 2015 and 2020 for Pará and São Paulo state. Among the animals, the fish seizures were more prevalent, followed by birds, reptiles and mammal seizures. Fish and reptiles’ seizures were more prevalent in Pará state, while birds and mammals were more prevalent in São Paulo state. In addition to intact animals, the subproducts were also seized, such as leather, skin, meat and swim bladder. The specie identification was a critical point during the development of the work, which did not allow the inclusion of these animals in this survey. Thus, there is a need for intensification of the efforts from private and public institutions, as well as the society to combat this activity in a more effective and integrated manner.
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Tráfico de animais, Legislação ambiental, Caça, Animais silvestres, Biomas brasileiros, Wildlife trade, Environmental legislation, Brazilian biome, Hunting, Wild animals