Dois Projetos e um desafio: a atuação do Serviço Social na efetivação do direito à saúde na pandemia.
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Data
2022-02-08
Autores
Miguel, Tainá da Silva
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A experiência como usuária do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e como trabalhadora na área da saúde de 2011 a 2018 instigou a aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o primeiro sistema público de saúde do Brasil, e um dos maiores do mundo. Atrelado a isso, a experiência pessoal como familiar de uma paciente que necessitou do trabalho diferenciado da assistente social, atuante na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva em Hospital Público, bem como, do profundo caos que a sociedade tem vivido nos tempos atuais com a pandemia causada pelo vírus da Covid-19, formaram um conjunto de motivos que expressam a necessidade imediata do estudo sobre o tema do Serviço Social na defesa da saúde como um direito garantido no SUS. O tema vem sendo objeto de estudo e de debate do Serviço Social brasileiro, acerca de como a profissão está conseguindo enfrentar todos os desafios já existentes na sociedade, porém, agravado com a pandemia e a realidade do governo ultra neoliberal. A pesquisa tem como objetivo geral: analisar a atuação do Serviço Social na Saúde a partir da criação do SUS, tendo como referência o Projeto Ético-Político da profissão e o da Reforma Sanitária, contextualizando os desafios no cenário da pandemia. E, os objetivos específicos são: refletir a relação dos ideais e princípios defendidos pelos dois Projetos; estudar as legislações da profissão e as orientações do CFESS na pandemia; desvendar os desafios profissionais na saúde na crise sanitária. A metodologia está organizada com a revisão bibliográfica e a pesquisa documental do material disponível pelo conjunto CFESS, CRESS, ABEPSS e ENESSO, com abordagem qualitativa. Esse caminho permite a construção de um panorama sócio histórico do Serviço Social na saúde, a partir da década de 1990 com a criação do SUS, até os desafios atuais da crise sanitária. A análise mostra como resultados a importância dos ideais e dos princípios defendidos pelos Projetos em questão, assinalados no Código de Ética do Serviço Social e defendidos pela categoria no Projeto Ético-Político Profissional, como a democracia e a emancipação da classe trabalhadora. Além disso, os princípios defendidos pelo Projeto da Reforma Sanitária e do SUS, como o acesso universal à saúde, a integralidade e a equidade, todos orientados pela defesa da democracia. O trabalho está organizado em três capítulos, os quais evidenciam o enfrentamento das expressões da questão social na saúde pela categoria profissional, em especial, frente à pandemia Covid-19 em 2020. Espera-se como resultado desta pesquisa ressaltar a importância do Serviço Social como imprescindível para garantia de direitos na saúde pública, principalmente, tendo em vista sua necessidade e atuação na linha de frente do combate à pandemia de Covid-19, e na construção de estratégias e respostas profissionais para a pós-pandemia.
The experience as a user of the Unified Health System (SUS) and as a health worker from 2011 to 2018 instigated to deepen the knowledge about the first public health system in Brazil, and one of the largest in the world. Coupled with this, the personal experience as a family member of a patient who required the differentiated work of the social worker, acting in the Intensive Care Unit in a Public Hospital, as well as, the profound chaos that society has experienced in current times with the pandemic caused by the Covid-19 virus, formed a set of reasons that express the immediate need for the study on the theme of Social Service in the defense of health as a guaranteed right in SUS. The theme has been the object of study and debate in Brazilian Social Service, about how the profession is managing to face all the challenges already existing in society, but aggravated by the pandemic and the reality of the ultra neoliberal government. The general objective of the research is to analyze the role of Social Service in Health since the creation of SUS, with reference to the Ethical-Political Project of the profession and the Sanitary Reform, contextualizing the challenges in the pandemic scenario. And, the specific objectives are: to reflect on the relation of ideals and principles defended by the two Projects; to study the legislation of the profession and the guidelines of the CFESS in the pandemic; to unveil the professional challenges in health in the sanitary crisis. The methodology is organized with a bibliographic review and documentary research of the material available from the CFESS, CRESS, ABEPSS and ENESSO, with a qualitative approach. This path allows the construction of a socio-historical panorama of Social Service in health, from the 1990s with the creation of the SUS, to the current challenges of the health crisis. The analysis shows as results the importance of the ideals and principles defended by the Projects in question, pointed out in the Code of Ethics of Social Service and defended by the category in the Professional Ethical-Political Project, such as democracy and the emancipation of the working class. In addition, the principles advocated by the Sanitary Reform Project and SUS, such as universal access to health, integrality and equity, all guided by the defense of democracy. The work is organized into three chapters, which show the confrontation of the expressions of the social issue in health by the professional category, especially in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. It is expected as a result of this research to highlight the importance of Social Work as indispensable for guaranteeing rights in public health, especially in view of its need and performance in the front line of the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic, and in the construction of strategies and professional responses for the post-pandemic.
The experience as a user of the Unified Health System (SUS) and as a health worker from 2011 to 2018 instigated to deepen the knowledge about the first public health system in Brazil, and one of the largest in the world. Coupled with this, the personal experience as a family member of a patient who required the differentiated work of the social worker, acting in the Intensive Care Unit in a Public Hospital, as well as, the profound chaos that society has experienced in current times with the pandemic caused by the Covid-19 virus, formed a set of reasons that express the immediate need for the study on the theme of Social Service in the defense of health as a guaranteed right in SUS. The theme has been the object of study and debate in Brazilian Social Service, about how the profession is managing to face all the challenges already existing in society, but aggravated by the pandemic and the reality of the ultra neoliberal government. The general objective of the research is to analyze the role of Social Service in Health since the creation of SUS, with reference to the Ethical-Political Project of the profession and the Sanitary Reform, contextualizing the challenges in the pandemic scenario. And, the specific objectives are: to reflect on the relation of ideals and principles defended by the two Projects; to study the legislation of the profession and the guidelines of the CFESS in the pandemic; to unveil the professional challenges in health in the sanitary crisis. The methodology is organized with a bibliographic review and documentary research of the material available from the CFESS, CRESS, ABEPSS and ENESSO, with a qualitative approach. This path allows the construction of a socio-historical panorama of Social Service in health, from the 1990s with the creation of the SUS, to the current challenges of the health crisis. The analysis shows as results the importance of the ideals and principles defended by the Projects in question, pointed out in the Code of Ethics of Social Service and defended by the category in the Professional Ethical-Political Project, such as democracy and the emancipation of the working class. In addition, the principles advocated by the Sanitary Reform Project and SUS, such as universal access to health, integrality and equity, all guided by the defense of democracy. The work is organized into three chapters, which show the confrontation of the expressions of the social issue in health by the professional category, especially in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. It is expected as a result of this research to highlight the importance of Social Work as indispensable for guaranteeing rights in public health, especially in view of its need and performance in the front line of the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic, and in the construction of strategies and professional responses for the post-pandemic.
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Palavras-chave
Serviço Social, Saúde, Projeto Ético-Político, Projeto da Reforma Sanitária, Pandemia, Social Service, Health, Ethical-Political Project, Health Reform Project, Pandemic