Identificação de biomarcadores relacionados com a eficácia do tratamento radioterápico no câncer de pâncreas
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Data
2022-02-09
Autores
Brugnerotto, Laíza
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O câncer de pâncreas (CP), mesmo sendo menos comum que os outros tipos da doença, é responsável por um dos maiores índices de mortalidade atualmente, com taxa de sobrevida global em cinco anos equivalente a apenas 7%. O CP acomete pessoas com idade entre 60 e 80 anos e é mais prevalente em homens. O adenocarcinoma ductal pancreático abrange a maior parte dos casos de CP e quando diagnosticado, apenas 20% dos pacientes apresentam o câncer limitado ao pâncreas, ao passo que 50% apresentam estágios de metástase. Isso ocorre devido a seu diagnóstico tardio, pois a maioria dos pacientes evidenciam os sinais das doenças em estágios mais avançados, o que dificulta os tratamentos utilizados, como a radioterapia, diminuindo a sobrevida. Por conta disso, destaca-se a importância de estudos como este, que visam a detecção de genes que possam se tornar possíveis biomarcadores desse tipo tumoral, principalmente em relação ao secretoma humano, por possibilitar analisar processos e vias responsáveis por migração tumoral, resistência a terapias e outros fatores importantes para a contenção da doença. Nesse cenário, o uso de ferramentas e plataformas online vem sendo ampliadas para a descoberta e validação desses biomarcadores, como uma forma mais econômica para explorar os estudos com câncer e aperfeiçoar o prognóstico da doença. Nosso estudo adaptou uma metodologia que propicia a identificação dos potenciais biomarcadores, onde encontramos vias inflamatórias relacionadas com a ativação do sistema complemento e vias referentes às atividades de receptores, que são responsáveis pela progressão tumoral e outros processos biológicos que contribuem para o desenvolvimento da doença.
Pancreatic cancer (PC), despite being less common than other types of the disease, is responsible for one of the highest mortality rates today, with an overall five-year survival rate equivalent to only 7%. PC affects people aged between 60 and 80 years and is more prevalent in men. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma covers most cases of PC and when diagnosed, only 20% of patients have cancer limited to the pancreas, while 50% have stages of metastasis. This is due to its late diagnosis, as most patients show signs of diseases in more advanced stages, which makes the treatments used, such as radiotherapy, difficult, reducing survival. Because of this, the importance of studies such as this one, which aim to detect genes that may become possible biomarkers of this type of tumor, especially about the human secretome, is highlighted, as they allow the analysis of processes and pathways responsible for tumor migration, resistance to therapies and other important factors for disease containment. In this scenario, the use of online tools and platforms has been expanded for the discovery and validation of these biomarkers, as a more economical way to explore cancer studies and improve the prognosis of the disease. Our study adopted a methodology that allows the identification of potential biomarkers, where we found inflammatory pathways that are more predominantly enriched, related to the complement system and receptor activities, which are responsible for tumor progression and other biological processes that contribute to the development of the disease.
Pancreatic cancer (PC), despite being less common than other types of the disease, is responsible for one of the highest mortality rates today, with an overall five-year survival rate equivalent to only 7%. PC affects people aged between 60 and 80 years and is more prevalent in men. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma covers most cases of PC and when diagnosed, only 20% of patients have cancer limited to the pancreas, while 50% have stages of metastasis. This is due to its late diagnosis, as most patients show signs of diseases in more advanced stages, which makes the treatments used, such as radiotherapy, difficult, reducing survival. Because of this, the importance of studies such as this one, which aim to detect genes that may become possible biomarkers of this type of tumor, especially about the human secretome, is highlighted, as they allow the analysis of processes and pathways responsible for tumor migration, resistance to therapies and other important factors for disease containment. In this scenario, the use of online tools and platforms has been expanded for the discovery and validation of these biomarkers, as a more economical way to explore cancer studies and improve the prognosis of the disease. Our study adopted a methodology that allows the identification of potential biomarkers, where we found inflammatory pathways that are more predominantly enriched, related to the complement system and receptor activities, which are responsible for tumor progression and other biological processes that contribute to the development of the disease.
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Palavras-chave
Câncer de pâncreas, Bioinformática, Biomarcadores, Secretoma, Radioterapia, Pancreatic cancer, Secretome, Bioinformatics, Radiotherapy, Resistance, Biomarkers