Gênero e famílias: entre mudanças e permanências
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Data
2021-11-05
Autores
Julião, Helena Vicentini
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Gênero e Famílias: entre mudanças e permanências se desenvolve em meio a conjuntura política, social e econômica do Brasil contemporâneo, estruturado pelos pilares do capital, da opressão, da violência e da desigualdade; em uma sociedade omissa e hierarquizada que nega a diversidade, impõe padrões e estigmatiza sujeitos. São vastas as discussões sobre quais espaços “ser mulheres” as permitem ocupar, mas, o presente estudo se debruça sobre as relações de gênero e família, na intersecção com o contexto sócio jurídico brasileiro. Assim, tem como objetivo compreender como se estabelecem as relações de gênero nas famílias contemporâneas, diante aos limites estabelecidos pela naturalização de estereótipos e papéis sociais determinados pela estrutura do sistema vigente. Fato é que, o sistema capitalista, em sua gênese, demanda um modelo cisgênero, monogâmico e heterossexual, perpetuando a desigualdade e os princípios da hierarquia e da separação. Dessa forma, até hoje, espera-se que as mulheres ofereçam mão de obra não remunerada aos homens, contribuindo voluntariamente para criação dos filhos e na manutenção do âmbito doméstico, além de ser exploradas sexualmente. Há imposição biológica nas relações familiares: a necessidade de procriação é evidente. Além disso, a valorização diferenciada e desigual dos afetos, da sexualidade e dos arranjos práticos leva ao debate sobre a conformação de padrões familiares excludentes que, como consequência, marcam presença nas leis e nas políticas públicas. Em termos teóricos e metodológicos, em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, adotou-se o método materialista histórico dialético, o qual forneceu os subsídios necessários para uma interpretação dinâmica e totalizante da realidade. Não obstante, a construção de conhecimento sustentada na produção intelectual marxista coloca-se, sobretudo, a serviço de um projeto social promotor de uma nova sociabilidade, envolvendo também uma questão ético-política. Por esse caminho, a presente Dissertação se estrutura em dois capítulos. O primeiro - para além do rosa e azul – é a base, dedicado à análise e compreensão das relações de gênero, haja vista que é primordial perceber como elas se estruturam no cenário da sociedade contemporânea, que além capitalista, racista, cis-hetero- patriarcal, vivencia um período de grandes retrocessos, permeados pela ideologia neoconservadora. O segundo - gênero e famílias: entre avanços e retrocessos -, conta com recorte mais específico, constituído pelas discussões que envolvem o direcionamento da temática às famílias, às suas mudanças e permanências.
Gender and Families: between changes and permanencies is developed in the midst of the political, social, and economic conjuncture of contemporary Brazil, structured by the pillars of capital, oppression, violence, and inequality; in an omitted and hierarchical society that denies diversity, imposes standards, and stigmatizes subjects. The discussions about which spaces "being a woman" allows them to occupy are vast, but the present study focuses on gender and family relations in the intersection with the Brazilian socio-legal context. Thus, the aim is to understand how gender relations are established in contemporary families, given the limits set by the naturalization of stereotypes and social roles determined by the structure of the current system. The fact is that the capitalist system, in its genesis, demanded a cisgender, monogamous and heterosexual model, perpetuating inequality and the principles of hierarchy and separation. Thus, to this day, women are expected to offer unpaid labor to men, contributing voluntarily to the raising of children and the maintenance of the domestic environment, in addition to being sexually exploited. There is biological imposition in family relations: the need for procreation is evident. Besides this, the different and unequal valuation of affections, sexuality, and practical arrangements leads us to the debate about the conformation of excluding family patterns which, as a consequence, are present in laws and public policies. In theoretical and methodological terms, in an interdisciplinary perspective, the dialectical historical materialist method was adopted, which provided the necessary subsidies for a dynamic and totalizing interpretation of reality. Nevertheless, the construction of knowledge supported by Marxist intellectual production is placed, above all, at the service of a social project that promotes a new sociability, also involving an ethical-political issue. This dissertation is structured in two chapters. The first - beyond pink and blue - is the basis, dedicated to the analysis and understanding of gender relations, since it is essential to understand how they are structured in contemporary society, which besides being capitalist, racist, cis-hetero-patriarchal, is going through a period of great setbacks, permeated by neo-conservative ideology. The second - gender and families: between advances and setbacks -, has a more specific focus, consisting of discussions that involve the direction of the theme to families, their changes and permanencies.
Gender and Families: between changes and permanencies is developed in the midst of the political, social, and economic conjuncture of contemporary Brazil, structured by the pillars of capital, oppression, violence, and inequality; in an omitted and hierarchical society that denies diversity, imposes standards, and stigmatizes subjects. The discussions about which spaces "being a woman" allows them to occupy are vast, but the present study focuses on gender and family relations in the intersection with the Brazilian socio-legal context. Thus, the aim is to understand how gender relations are established in contemporary families, given the limits set by the naturalization of stereotypes and social roles determined by the structure of the current system. The fact is that the capitalist system, in its genesis, demanded a cisgender, monogamous and heterosexual model, perpetuating inequality and the principles of hierarchy and separation. Thus, to this day, women are expected to offer unpaid labor to men, contributing voluntarily to the raising of children and the maintenance of the domestic environment, in addition to being sexually exploited. There is biological imposition in family relations: the need for procreation is evident. Besides this, the different and unequal valuation of affections, sexuality, and practical arrangements leads us to the debate about the conformation of excluding family patterns which, as a consequence, are present in laws and public policies. In theoretical and methodological terms, in an interdisciplinary perspective, the dialectical historical materialist method was adopted, which provided the necessary subsidies for a dynamic and totalizing interpretation of reality. Nevertheless, the construction of knowledge supported by Marxist intellectual production is placed, above all, at the service of a social project that promotes a new sociability, also involving an ethical-political issue. This dissertation is structured in two chapters. The first - beyond pink and blue - is the basis, dedicated to the analysis and understanding of gender relations, since it is essential to understand how they are structured in contemporary society, which besides being capitalist, racist, cis-hetero-patriarchal, is going through a period of great setbacks, permeated by neo-conservative ideology. The second - gender and families: between advances and setbacks -, has a more specific focus, consisting of discussions that involve the direction of the theme to families, their changes and permanencies.
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Palavras-chave
Gênero, Famílias, Relações Sociais, Direitos, Gender, Families, Social Relationships, Rights