Influência da fotoestimulação na dinâmica de nascimentos e características intestinais de pintos de corte
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Data
2021-12-03
Autores
Rosa, Mauricio Silva
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho está organizado em 4 Capítulos. O Capítulo 1 apresenta a Introdução e as Considerações Gerais sobre o tema estudado. No Capítulo 2, foi analisado se fotoestimulação intermitente (1 min de luz seguido de 4 minutos de escuro, durante 12 h, das 6:30 às 18:30h, 1200 Lux fornecido por sistema em série de lâmpadas LED) no nascedouro, a partir do 18º dia de incubação, influencia a eclodibilidade, a frequência de nascimentos e a qualidade dos pintos de corte. Os resultados mostram que fotoestimulação intermitente a partir do 18º dia de incubação não alterou a duração média da incubação, eclodibilidade e a qualidade física dos pintos, mas reduziu a janela de eclosão em 8h. Além disso, pintos de ovos mantidos sob fotoestimulação intermitente apresentaram menor TIT que os pintos de ovos incubados sem fotoestimulação. Isso indicou que fotoestimulação intermitente no nascedouro aumenta o sincronismo na eclosão e torna os pintos mais ativos. No Capítulo 3, foram analisadas a dinâmica de nascimentos diurnas e noturnas e a qualidade dos pintos de ovos expostos ou não a fotoestimulação intermitente (1 min de luz seguido de 4 minutos de escuro, durante 12 h, das 6 às 18h, 1200 Lux fornecido por sistema em série de lâmpadas LED) a partir do 18º dia de incubação (no nascedouro). Não ocorreram diferenças na taxa de eclosão total, peso corporal, qualidade, peso corporal, comprimentos bico-cauda, bico-dedo médio e de perna, e envergadura de asas entre os pintos com nascimento diurno e noturno e nem entre tratamentos (com e sem fotoestimulação). Os resultados revelam, pela primeira vez na literatura, descontinuidade de eclosão, diferenças entre os padrões de eclosão diurna e noturna de pintos de corte e menor janela de eclosão com maior sincronismo de eclosão noturna do que diurna em pintos corte, evidenciando possibilidade futura de manejo pratico de retirada diurna e noturna de pintos dos nascedouros. No Capítulo 4, por sua vez, foi analisado se fotoestimulação diurna ou noturna contínua (250 Lux ao nível da superfície dos ovos, durante 12 h, das 6 às 18h e das 18 às 6h) influencia o desenvolvimento da mucosa intestinal de pintos de corte. Os resultados evidenciam que o fornecimento do fotoestimulação durante a incubação reduz temperatura de superfície dos ovos quando expostos a fotoestimulação durante a noite. Os pintos nascidos de ovos incubados sob fotoestimulação apresentaram vilosidades intestinais menores do que os pintos oriundos de ovos incubados sem fotoestimulação. Isso indica que fotoestimulação diurna ou noturna durante a incubação não favoreceu o desenvolvimento das vilosidades intestinais e que incubação sob ausência de luz parece mais adequado para que os pintos nasçam com vilosidade intestinal de maior tamanho.
This work is organized into 4 Chapters. Chapter 1 presents the Introduction and General Considerations on the topic studied. In Chapter 2, we analyzed whether intermittent photostimulation (1 min of light followed by 4 minutes of dark, for 12 h, from 6:30 to 18:30 h, 1200 Lux provided by LED lamp series system) in the hatch, from the 18th day of incubation, influences hatchability, birth frequency and quality of broiler chicks. The results show that intermittent photostimulation from the 18th day of incubation did not change the mean duration of incubation, hatchability and physical quality of the chicks, but reduced the hatch window by 8h. Furthermore, chicks from eggs kept under intermittent photostimulation showed lower TIT than chicks from eggs incubated without photostimulation. This indicated that intermittent photostimulation at the hatcher increases hatch timing and makes the chicks more active. In Chapter 3, the dynamics of diurnal and nocturnal births and the quality of chicks from eggs exposed or not to intermittent photostimulation (1 min of light followed by 4 minutes of dark, for 12 h, from 6 am to 6 pm, 1200 Lux provided by a series system of LED lamps) from the 18th day of incubation (in the hatcher). There were no differences in total hatch rate, body weight, quality, body weight, beak-tail, beak-middle finger and leg lengths, and wing span between day and night chicks, nor between treatments (with and without photostimulation). The results reveal, for the first time in the literature, hatch discontinuity, differences between the diurnal and nocturnal hatching patterns of broiler chicks and a shorter hatch window with greater synchronism of nocturnal hatching than diurnal hatching in broiler chicks, evidencing the possibility of future management. practice of day and night withdrawal of chicks from hatchers. In Chapter 4, in turn, it was analyzed whether continuous diurnal or nocturnal photostimulation (250 Lux at the egg surface level, for 12 h, from 6 am to 6 pm and from 6 pm to 6 am) influences the development of the intestinal mucosa of broiler chicks. The results show that providing photostimulation during incubation reduces the surface temperature of eggs when exposed to photostimulation overnight. Chicks hatched from eggs hatched under photostimulation had smaller intestinal villi than chicks hatched from eggs hatched without photostimulation. This indicates that diurnal or nocturnal photostimulation during incubation did not favor the development of intestinal villi and that incubation in the absence of light seems more suitable for chicks to be born with larger intestinal villi.
This work is organized into 4 Chapters. Chapter 1 presents the Introduction and General Considerations on the topic studied. In Chapter 2, we analyzed whether intermittent photostimulation (1 min of light followed by 4 minutes of dark, for 12 h, from 6:30 to 18:30 h, 1200 Lux provided by LED lamp series system) in the hatch, from the 18th day of incubation, influences hatchability, birth frequency and quality of broiler chicks. The results show that intermittent photostimulation from the 18th day of incubation did not change the mean duration of incubation, hatchability and physical quality of the chicks, but reduced the hatch window by 8h. Furthermore, chicks from eggs kept under intermittent photostimulation showed lower TIT than chicks from eggs incubated without photostimulation. This indicated that intermittent photostimulation at the hatcher increases hatch timing and makes the chicks more active. In Chapter 3, the dynamics of diurnal and nocturnal births and the quality of chicks from eggs exposed or not to intermittent photostimulation (1 min of light followed by 4 minutes of dark, for 12 h, from 6 am to 6 pm, 1200 Lux provided by a series system of LED lamps) from the 18th day of incubation (in the hatcher). There were no differences in total hatch rate, body weight, quality, body weight, beak-tail, beak-middle finger and leg lengths, and wing span between day and night chicks, nor between treatments (with and without photostimulation). The results reveal, for the first time in the literature, hatch discontinuity, differences between the diurnal and nocturnal hatching patterns of broiler chicks and a shorter hatch window with greater synchronism of nocturnal hatching than diurnal hatching in broiler chicks, evidencing the possibility of future management. practice of day and night withdrawal of chicks from hatchers. In Chapter 4, in turn, it was analyzed whether continuous diurnal or nocturnal photostimulation (250 Lux at the egg surface level, for 12 h, from 6 am to 6 pm and from 6 pm to 6 am) influences the development of the intestinal mucosa of broiler chicks. The results show that providing photostimulation during incubation reduces the surface temperature of eggs when exposed to photostimulation overnight. Chicks hatched from eggs hatched under photostimulation had smaller intestinal villi than chicks hatched from eggs hatched without photostimulation. This indicates that diurnal or nocturnal photostimulation during incubation did not favor the development of intestinal villi and that incubation in the absence of light seems more suitable for chicks to be born with larger intestinal villi.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Intestinos., Aves domésticas., Pinto., Fisiologia.