Zoneamento ambiental como subsídio para o ordenamento territorial da bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão do Mandaguari, São Paulo/Brasil
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Data
2021-10-27
Autores
Miguel, Angélica Estigarribia São
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente tese tem como unidade de estudo a Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão do Mandaguari (BHRM) que se encontra situada na porção oeste do Estado de São Paulo. A BHRM que é parte componente da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio do Peixe, situada em sua margem esquerda, que por sua vez, deságua na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Paraná, drenando uma área aproximada de 10.827km², tem uma área aproximada de 737,42 km², tendo seu curso principal uma extensão de aproximadamente 67,09 km, distribuídos na porção oeste do Estado de São Paulo, inserida dentro de cinco municípios, sendo eles: Caiabu, Martinopólis, Indiana, Presidente Prudente e Regente Feijó. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi a identificação dos dados biofísicos dos elementos que compõem a bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Mandaguari, para em seguida, usá-los como base para o zoneamento ambiental da área e assim, propor um ordenamento territorial do uso e cobertura da terra. A metodologia foi pautada em procedimentos metodológicos que incluíram dados fisiográficos da área de estudo bem como: geologia, solos, declividade, hipsometria e clima, análise das imagens do satélite Sentinel, para compreender a evolução do processo de uso e cobertura da terra, utilizando esses dados para gerar novos mapas de fragilidade potencial e ambiental e posteriormente elaborar o zoneamento ambiental e o ordenamento territorial da BHRM. Os resultados indicaram que a área de pastagem é predominante em todos os municípios, o que colabora com a diminuição de áreas florestais, no zoneamento ambiental as zonas foram divididas em quatro: zona de restrição legal que são evidenciadas as APPs e área de vegetação natural; zona produtiva rural que são as de restrições, baixa, média e alta; zona urbana e zonas de incrongruências. Já no mapeamento do ordenamento territorial foram sugeridas três áreas: áreas prioritárias a preservação permanente; áreas prioritárias à recuperação e preservação e áreas destinadas ao uso sustentável. Pode-se concluir que as informações obtidas pelos mapeamentos do uso e cobertura da terra evidenciaram a expansão da cana-de-açúcar e foram classificadas as formas de uso de acordo com a ação antrópica.
Thesis (Doctorate in Geography) – Faculty of Science and Technology, University State Paulista - Presidente Prudente Campus, 2021. This thesis aims to study the Ribeirão do Mandaguari Hydrographic Basin (BHRM) that is located in the western portion of the State of São Paulo. The BHRM that is part of the Rio do Peixe Hydrographic Basin, located on its left bank, which in turn flows into the Paraná River Hydrographic Basin, draining an approximate area of 10,827km², has an approximate area of 737,42 km², having its main course an extension of approximately 67,09 km, distributed in the western portion of the State of São Paulo, inserted within five municipalities, namely: Caiabu, Martinopólis, Indiana, Presidente Prudente and Regente Feijó. The general objective of the research was to identify the biophysical data of the elements that make up the Ribeirão of Mandaguari watershed, to then use them as a basis for the environmental zoning of the area and thus propose a territorial ordering of land use and coverage. The bibliographical references used themes relevant to the research, such as landscape, systemic approach, and geotechnologies as an aid to the analysis of environmental planning, land use and coverage, erosion, potential and environmental fragility, environmental zoning and territorial planning. The methodology was based on methodological procedures that included physiographic data from the study area as well as: geology, soils, slope, hypsometry and climate, analysis of Sentinel satellite images, to understand the evolution of the process of land use and land cover, using these data to generate new maps of potential and environmental fragility and subsequently elaborate the environmental zoning and territorial ordering of BHRM.The results indicated that the pasture area is predominant in all the municipalities, which collaborates with the reduction of forest areas, in the environmental zoning the zones were divided into four: legal restriction zone that are evidenced by APPs and area of natural vegetation; rural productive zone, which are restricted, low, medium and high; urban area and areas of incongruities. In the mapping of territorial planning, three areas were suggested: priority areas for permanent preservation; priority areas for recovery and preservation and areas for sustainable use. It can be concluded that the information obtained from the land use, land cover mappings evidenced the expansion of sugarcane, and the forms of use were classified according to anthropic action.
Thesis (Doctorate in Geography) – Faculty of Science and Technology, University State Paulista - Presidente Prudente Campus, 2021. This thesis aims to study the Ribeirão do Mandaguari Hydrographic Basin (BHRM) that is located in the western portion of the State of São Paulo. The BHRM that is part of the Rio do Peixe Hydrographic Basin, located on its left bank, which in turn flows into the Paraná River Hydrographic Basin, draining an approximate area of 10,827km², has an approximate area of 737,42 km², having its main course an extension of approximately 67,09 km, distributed in the western portion of the State of São Paulo, inserted within five municipalities, namely: Caiabu, Martinopólis, Indiana, Presidente Prudente and Regente Feijó. The general objective of the research was to identify the biophysical data of the elements that make up the Ribeirão of Mandaguari watershed, to then use them as a basis for the environmental zoning of the area and thus propose a territorial ordering of land use and coverage. The bibliographical references used themes relevant to the research, such as landscape, systemic approach, and geotechnologies as an aid to the analysis of environmental planning, land use and coverage, erosion, potential and environmental fragility, environmental zoning and territorial planning. The methodology was based on methodological procedures that included physiographic data from the study area as well as: geology, soils, slope, hypsometry and climate, analysis of Sentinel satellite images, to understand the evolution of the process of land use and land cover, using these data to generate new maps of potential and environmental fragility and subsequently elaborate the environmental zoning and territorial ordering of BHRM.The results indicated that the pasture area is predominant in all the municipalities, which collaborates with the reduction of forest areas, in the environmental zoning the zones were divided into four: legal restriction zone that are evidenced by APPs and area of natural vegetation; rural productive zone, which are restricted, low, medium and high; urban area and areas of incongruities. In the mapping of territorial planning, three areas were suggested: priority areas for permanent preservation; priority areas for recovery and preservation and areas for sustainable use. It can be concluded that the information obtained from the land use, land cover mappings evidenced the expansion of sugarcane, and the forms of use were classified according to anthropic action.
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Palavras-chave
Bacia hidrográfica, Zoneamento ambiental, Ordenamento territorial, Uso e cobertura da terra, Hydrographic basin, Environmental zoning, Land use planning, Land use and coverage