Avaliação molecular de toxoplasma gondii em solo de recintos de animais locados no zoológico de Bauru-SP
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Data
2022-03-04
Autores
Ribeiro, Emilly
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A toxoplasmose é uma das infecções parasitárias mais prevalentes em animais e humanos em todo o mundo, sendo motivo de atenção de muitos pesquisadores que, nas últimas décadas, buscam identificar as fontes de infecções de Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) para otimizar a adoção de medidas preventivas. Estudos de caso-controle feitos previamente estimam que os humanos são infectados principalmente pelo consumo de carne crua ou mal cozida ou pela ingestão de frutas, vegetais, solo, frutos do mar ou água contaminada com oocistos deste protozoário. Solo contaminado com oocistos de T. gondii é uma grande fonte de infecção para animais e humanos, mas raramente foi diretamente detectada, devido à falta de métodos apropriados. Tendo em vista a toxoplasmose ser uma zoonose amplamente disseminada e de grande importância em saúde pública, propusemos a realização deste estudo com o objetivo de pesquisar T. gondii em solo de 30 recintos de diferentes espécies de animais procedentes do Zoológico de Bauru (SP) pela amplificação do DNA do protozoário com o uso da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase convencional. A PCR para T. gondii foi realizada a partir dos primers TOX4 e TOX5, os quais amplificam 529pb. Os resultados demonstraram que as amostras de solo procedentes de dois recintos dos macacos africanos das espécies Papio papio (Babuíno comum) e Papio hamadryas (Babuíno Sagrado) foram positivas à prova de PCR para T. gondii, um resultado inédito neste ambiente, que revela a necessidade de um monitoramento sorológico para toxoplasmose nos animais do Zoológico de Bauru.
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infections in animals and humans around the world, being the subject of attention of many researchers who, in recent decades, seek to identify the sources of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infections to optimize the adoption of preventive measures. Previous case-control studies estimate that humans are infected mainly by eating raw or undercooked meat or by ingesting fruits, vegetables, soil, seafood or water contaminated with oocysts of this protozoan. Soil contaminated with T. gondii oocysts is a major source of infection for animals and humans, but it has rarely been directly detected, due to the lack of appropriate methods. Considering that toxoplasmosis is a widely disseminated zoonosis of great importance in public health, we proposed to carry out this study with the objective of researching T. gondii in the soil of 30 enclosures of different species of animals from the Bauru Zoo (SP) by amplification of the protozoan DNA using the conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR for T. gondii was performed using primers TOX4 and TOX5, which amplify 529bp (Homan et al., 2000). The results showed that soil samples from two enclosures of African monkeys of the species Papio papio (Common Baboon) and Papio hamadryas (Sacred Baboon) were PCR positive for T. gondii, an unprecedented result in this environment that reveals the need for a Serological monitoring for toxoplasmosis in animals at the Bauru Zoo.
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infections in animals and humans around the world, being the subject of attention of many researchers who, in recent decades, seek to identify the sources of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infections to optimize the adoption of preventive measures. Previous case-control studies estimate that humans are infected mainly by eating raw or undercooked meat or by ingesting fruits, vegetables, soil, seafood or water contaminated with oocysts of this protozoan. Soil contaminated with T. gondii oocysts is a major source of infection for animals and humans, but it has rarely been directly detected, due to the lack of appropriate methods. Considering that toxoplasmosis is a widely disseminated zoonosis of great importance in public health, we proposed to carry out this study with the objective of researching T. gondii in the soil of 30 enclosures of different species of animals from the Bauru Zoo (SP) by amplification of the protozoan DNA using the conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR for T. gondii was performed using primers TOX4 and TOX5, which amplify 529bp (Homan et al., 2000). The results showed that soil samples from two enclosures of African monkeys of the species Papio papio (Common Baboon) and Papio hamadryas (Sacred Baboon) were PCR positive for T. gondii, an unprecedented result in this environment that reveals the need for a Serological monitoring for toxoplasmosis in animals at the Bauru Zoo.
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Toxoplasmose, Oocistos, Diagnóstico, Animais silvestres em cativeiro, Jardins zoológicos, Solos, Zoonoses, Diagnóstico