A transdisciplinaridade na prevenção da violência sexual na adolescência no contexto escolar
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Data
2022-02-04
Autores
Cargnin, Sulamyta
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Reconhecendo a importância da abordagem do tema violência sexual contra adolescentes no contexto escolar e visando responder ao problema, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo compreender de que forma os professores dos anos finais do ensino fundamental abordam temas referentes à violência sexual com seus alunos em uma escola em um município no interior de Mato Grosso (MT). Para que o objetivo pudesse ser alcançado, foram traçados procedimentos para a fundamentação teórica, sendo a primeira realizar revisão da literatura para identificar os trabalhos de mesma natureza ou natureza semelhante, para que fossem utilizados como referências e aparato científico, bem como a leitura de material identificado necessário ao desenvolvimento desta. Por possuir caráter qualitativo e exploratório na medida em que pretende investigar características de um determinado universo escolar, nas pessoas de professores, o método considerado mais apropriado foi o estudo de caso de método misto incorporado. Para a coleta de dados foi desenvolvido um questionário, que buscou investigar, conhecer e avaliar a formação dos educadores para tratar do tema da Violência Sexual contra adolescentes, o estudo do tema na formação continuada, quais práticas pedagógicas eram desenvolvidas com os adolescentes, bem como a perspectiva do professor em torno dessa abordagem. Para que o leitor possa compreender melhor este estudo, foram abordados os seguintes temas: adolescência, sexualidade, educação sexual (no Brasil e no Estado de MT), prevenção da violência sexual, revisão de literatura (no Brasil e em MT). Para que a pesquisa acontecesse dentro do ambiente escolar, foi solicitado autorização da gestão. Os professores convidados a participarem da pesquisa receberam o questionário. Dos 24 participantes, 15 devolveram para que fossem analisados. Nesta pesquisa pode-se perceber que esses professores têm conhecimento sobre o conceito de violência sexual. Apenas 2 professores estudaram e/ou tiveram orientação na graduação de como abordar a violência sexual, os demais que não tiveram essa formação, dentre eles 2 informaram que não sentiram falta e 11 professores relataram que gostariam de ter tido orientação sobre a abordagem do tema na escola. Sobre a formação continuada a maioria ainda não foi oportunizado o estudo desse tema, mas demonstraram interesse em estudar devido a sua relevância. Dos 15 participantes, 6 já abordaram a violência sexual em suas aulas e relataram suas experiências. Os 9 professores que ainda não tiveram essa experiência justificaram pela ausência de conhecimento sobre o tema. Com isso, verifica-se que eles têm o conhecimento do conceito, porém apresentam dificuldades para abordá-lo em sala de aula, porque precisam de uma capacitação específica para ministrar esse tema.
Recognizing the importance of approaching the topic of sexual violence against adolescents in the school context, this research was qualitative in nature and used a case study method. The aim of this study was to understand how teachers in the final years of elementary school approach issues related to sexual violence with their students from a school in a municipality in the interior of the State of Mato Grosso (MT). In order to achieve this objective, goals were set. The first one was to carry out a literature review to find out research of the same or similar nature, so that they could be used as reference and scientific apparatus, as well as the reading of material identified as necessary for the development of this case study. For data collection, a questionnaire was developed, which sought to investigate, know and evaluate the training of educators to deal with the issue of Sexual Violence against adolescents; the study of the topic in continuing education; which pedagogical practices were developed on the topic of sexual violence with adolescents, as well as the teacher’s perspective and classroom approach. In order for the reader to better understand this study, the following topics were approached: adolescence, sexuality, sexual education (in Brazil and in MT), prevention of sexual violence, literature review (in Brazil and in MT). For the research to take place within the school environment, management authorization was requested. Teachers invited to participate in the research received the questionnaire, which was analyzed in the light of content analysis. Of the 24 participants who received the questionnaire, 15 returned it to be analyzed. The results indicated that these teachers have knowledge of the concept of sexual violence. Only 2 teachers studied and/or received guidance at graduation on how to approach sexual violence. Regarding the other teachers who did not have this training, 2 of them reported that they did not miss it and 11 teachers reported that they would have liked to have had guidance on how to approach the topic at school. In relation to continuing education, most of them have not been given the opportunity to study this topic yet, but showed interest in studying it due to its relevance. Of the 15 teachers, 6 of them have already approached sexual violence in their classes and reported their experiences. The 9 teachers who have not had this experience yet justified it due to the lack of knowledge on the subject. Thus, it appears that teachers have knowledge of the concept, but have difficulty in approaching it in the classroom, because they need specific training to teach this topic.
Recognizing the importance of approaching the topic of sexual violence against adolescents in the school context, this research was qualitative in nature and used a case study method. The aim of this study was to understand how teachers in the final years of elementary school approach issues related to sexual violence with their students from a school in a municipality in the interior of the State of Mato Grosso (MT). In order to achieve this objective, goals were set. The first one was to carry out a literature review to find out research of the same or similar nature, so that they could be used as reference and scientific apparatus, as well as the reading of material identified as necessary for the development of this case study. For data collection, a questionnaire was developed, which sought to investigate, know and evaluate the training of educators to deal with the issue of Sexual Violence against adolescents; the study of the topic in continuing education; which pedagogical practices were developed on the topic of sexual violence with adolescents, as well as the teacher’s perspective and classroom approach. In order for the reader to better understand this study, the following topics were approached: adolescence, sexuality, sexual education (in Brazil and in MT), prevention of sexual violence, literature review (in Brazil and in MT). For the research to take place within the school environment, management authorization was requested. Teachers invited to participate in the research received the questionnaire, which was analyzed in the light of content analysis. Of the 24 participants who received the questionnaire, 15 returned it to be analyzed. The results indicated that these teachers have knowledge of the concept of sexual violence. Only 2 teachers studied and/or received guidance at graduation on how to approach sexual violence. Regarding the other teachers who did not have this training, 2 of them reported that they did not miss it and 11 teachers reported that they would have liked to have had guidance on how to approach the topic at school. In relation to continuing education, most of them have not been given the opportunity to study this topic yet, but showed interest in studying it due to its relevance. Of the 15 teachers, 6 of them have already approached sexual violence in their classes and reported their experiences. The 9 teachers who have not had this experience yet justified it due to the lack of knowledge on the subject. Thus, it appears that teachers have knowledge of the concept, but have difficulty in approaching it in the classroom, because they need specific training to teach this topic.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação Sexual, Adolescência, Sexualidade, Violência Sexual, Formação de Professores, Sexual Education, Adolescence, Sexuality, Sexual Violence, Teacher Training