Programas de exercício físico e dor lombar crônica inespecífica em idosos: uma revisão sistemática
Carregando...
Data
2022-03-15
Autores
Miranda, Ana Júlia Zambrini de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O público idoso vem crescendo mundialmente e com isso há o aumento do acometimento de doenças crônicas, em especial, a dor lombar crônica inespecífica, a qual tem como causa primária, disfunções nos músculos das costas que são responsáveis pela estabilização e coordenação e que pode ser associada a um fardo pessoal, social e econômico. Há vários tipos de protocolos para o tratamento desta doença, contudo, ainda não há na literatura descrições bem estabelecidas sobre quais exercícios físicos podem exercer melhor efeito no tratamento da dor lombar crônica inespecífica. Portanto, o objetivo dessa revisão sistemática foi de reunir quais programas de exercícios físicos tem o melhor efeito na diminuição da dor e incapacidade funcional. Foram selecionados 7 artigos publicados entre 2016 e 2021 envolvendo ensaios controlados de intervenções com duração de no mínimo 4 semanas, com participantes acima de 60 anos sem motivos específicos para dor lombar crônica. A base de dados utilizada para a pesquisa dos estudos foi o PubMed. Os artigos selecionados foram avaliados por meio da Escala PEDro de qualidade. Os resultados das intervenções trouxeram efeitos pequenos, porém significativos para diminuição da dor e da incapacidade funcional, quando comparados a outras terapias. Conclui-se que os estudos envolvendo exercício em sua maioria demostraram melhora em pelo menos alguma das métricas analisadas por essa revisão, sugerindo ser possível fazer intervenções mais acessíveis para esses pacientes, sendo tanto com supervisão quanto sem. Porém são necessários mais estudos com amostra exclusiva de idosos para que seja possível ter conclusões mais concretas sobre o assunto.
The older adults have been growing worldwide and with this, there is an increase in the involvement of chronic diseases, in particular, the non-specific chronic low back pain, which has as its primary cause dysfunctions in the back muscles which are responsible for stabilization and coordination and that might be associated to a personal, social and economic burden. There are several types of protocols for the treatment of this disease, however, there are still no well-established descriptions in the literature about which physical exercises can have a better effect in the treatment of nonspecific chronic low back pain. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to gather which physical exercise programs have the best effect on reducing pain and functional disability. There were selected 7 articles published between 2016 and 2021 involving controlled trials of interventions lasting at least 4 weeks, with participants over 60 years old without specific reasons for chronic low back pain. The database used to search the studies were PubMed. The selected articles were evaluated using the PEDro Quality Scale. The results of the interventions brought small but significant effects to reduce pain and functional disability when compared to other therapies. It is concluded that the studies involving exercise mostly showed improvement in at least some of the metrics analyzed by this review, suggesting that it is possible to make interventions more accessible for these patients, both with and without supervision. However, further studies with an exclusive sample of elderly people are needed, so that more concrete conclusions can be drawn on the subject.
The older adults have been growing worldwide and with this, there is an increase in the involvement of chronic diseases, in particular, the non-specific chronic low back pain, which has as its primary cause dysfunctions in the back muscles which are responsible for stabilization and coordination and that might be associated to a personal, social and economic burden. There are several types of protocols for the treatment of this disease, however, there are still no well-established descriptions in the literature about which physical exercises can have a better effect in the treatment of nonspecific chronic low back pain. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to gather which physical exercise programs have the best effect on reducing pain and functional disability. There were selected 7 articles published between 2016 and 2021 involving controlled trials of interventions lasting at least 4 weeks, with participants over 60 years old without specific reasons for chronic low back pain. The database used to search the studies were PubMed. The selected articles were evaluated using the PEDro Quality Scale. The results of the interventions brought small but significant effects to reduce pain and functional disability when compared to other therapies. It is concluded that the studies involving exercise mostly showed improvement in at least some of the metrics analyzed by this review, suggesting that it is possible to make interventions more accessible for these patients, both with and without supervision. However, further studies with an exclusive sample of elderly people are needed, so that more concrete conclusions can be drawn on the subject.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Dor lombar, Exercícios físicos, Dor crônica, Idosos, Aged, Pain