Selenium absorption kinetics and localization in cowpea genotypes using XRF technique associated with physiological and biochemical responses
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Data
2022-02-10
Autores
Lanza, Maria Gabriela Dantas Bereta Lanza
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O selênio (Se) é um elemento essencial para humanos e animais e benéfico para as plantas. Os solos são pobres em Se, tornando a dieta da população deficiente. A biofortificação agronômica é uma estratégia para aumentar os teores de Se nas plantas. Nesse trabalho, avaliou-se a eficiência da suplementação mineral dependente de fatores genotípicos e da fonte adequada de Se. Foram conduzidos 3 experimentos, sendo 2 experimentos preliminares, e 1 experimento crítico. No experimento 1 avaliou-se concentrações de Na2SeO4 (0, 20, 40, 80 e 120 µM) em feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp cv. BRS Rouxinol), a fim de determinar a condição com melhor detecção de sinal para a avaliação in vivo das plantas pela técnica de fluorescência de raios x (XRF). No experimento 2, a melhor concentração resposta (40 µM) foi utilizada para avaliar a eficiência de absorção de Se de 20 genótipos comerciais de feijão-caupi, por meio da concentração de Se na parte aérea e raiz pela técnica de fluorescência de raios-X dispersiva de energia de bancada (EDXRF), afim de determinar genótipos com capacidade de absorção contrastante. No experimento 3, selecionou-se o genótipo com maior (BRS Xiquexique) e menor (BRS Urubuquara) capacidade de absorção de Se avaliando as respostas fisiológicas da aplicação de duas fontes de Se (Na2SeO4 e Na2SeO3), afim de identificar a fonte mais eficiente para a absorção e translocação de Se para a parte aérea das plantas, visando a geração de plantas com maior valor nutricional. Os resultados demonstram a presença de variação genotípica na cultura do feijão-caupi, e relaciona a capacidade de plantas eficientes em translocar Se das raízes para a parte aérea com uma alta eficiência do metabolismo fotossintético. Além disso, a fonte Na2SeO4 demonstrou ser uma ótima alternativa para garantir a translocação de Se raiz-parte aéra de plantas de feijão-caupi.
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans and animals and is beneficial to plants. Soils are poor in Se, making the population's diet deficient. Agronomic biofortification is a strategy to increase Se levels in plants. In this work, we investigated the efficiency of mineral supplementation dependent on genotypic factors and the adequate source of Se. Three experiments were conducted, two preliminary experiments and one critical experiment. In experiment 1, concentrations of Na2SeO4 (0, 20, 40, 80, and 120 µM) in cowpea plants (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp cv. BRS Rouxinol), were evaluated to determine the best concentration-response for the in vivo evaluation of plants using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique. In experiment 2, the best concentration-response (40 µM) was used to evaluate the Se absorption efficiency of 20 commercial cowpea genotypes, using Se concentration in shoots and roots by the X-ray fluorescence technique bench energy dispersive (EDXRF) to determine genotypes with contrasting absorption capacity. In experiment 3, the genotype with the highest (BRS Xiquexique) and lowest (BRS Urubuquara) Se absorption capacity was selected. Moreover, evaluating the physiological responses of the application of two Se sources (Na2SeO4 and Na2SeO3), to identify the most efficient source for the absorption and translocation of Se to the shoot of the plants, aiming at the generation of plants with greater nutritional value. Our results demonstrate the presence of genotypic variation in the cowpea crop and relate the ability of efficient plants to translocate Se from roots to shoots with the high efficiency of photosynthetic metabolism. Furthermore, the Na2SeO4 source proved to be an excellent alternative to ensure the root-shoot Se translocation in cowpea plants.
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans and animals and is beneficial to plants. Soils are poor in Se, making the population's diet deficient. Agronomic biofortification is a strategy to increase Se levels in plants. In this work, we investigated the efficiency of mineral supplementation dependent on genotypic factors and the adequate source of Se. Three experiments were conducted, two preliminary experiments and one critical experiment. In experiment 1, concentrations of Na2SeO4 (0, 20, 40, 80, and 120 µM) in cowpea plants (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp cv. BRS Rouxinol), were evaluated to determine the best concentration-response for the in vivo evaluation of plants using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique. In experiment 2, the best concentration-response (40 µM) was used to evaluate the Se absorption efficiency of 20 commercial cowpea genotypes, using Se concentration in shoots and roots by the X-ray fluorescence technique bench energy dispersive (EDXRF) to determine genotypes with contrasting absorption capacity. In experiment 3, the genotype with the highest (BRS Xiquexique) and lowest (BRS Urubuquara) Se absorption capacity was selected. Moreover, evaluating the physiological responses of the application of two Se sources (Na2SeO4 and Na2SeO3), to identify the most efficient source for the absorption and translocation of Se to the shoot of the plants, aiming at the generation of plants with greater nutritional value. Our results demonstrate the presence of genotypic variation in the cowpea crop and relate the ability of efficient plants to translocate Se from roots to shoots with the high efficiency of photosynthetic metabolism. Furthermore, the Na2SeO4 source proved to be an excellent alternative to ensure the root-shoot Se translocation in cowpea plants.
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Palavras-chave
x-ray fluorescence, Soils, Selênio, Selenium