Desenvolvimento de um modelo de simulação computacional para apoiar o gerenciamento operacional dos processos de corte, transbordo e transporte da cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2022-01-20
Autores
Lucas, Paulo Italo Jordão de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo de simulação computacional das operações de corte, transbordo, transporte e moagem da cana-de-açúcar, que apoie a tomada de decisão e o gerenciamento operacional, e melhore o fluxo de colheita e abastecimento industrial da cana. Metodologia / Procedimentos de Pesquisa: O método utilizado foi o Design Science Research, com abordagem predominantemente qualitativa, pois permite desenvolver um modelo para resolver um problema prático e gerar conhecimentos científicos para contribuir com a base teórica de gestão das operações sucroenergéticas. A pesquisa foi orientada por um estudo de caso em uma usina de cana-de-açúcar, cuja coleta de dados foi baseada em observação dos processos, entrevistas e análise documental. A análise dos dados foi segmentada em mapeamento e descrição dos processos, modelagem, teste e validação, e utilização do modelo. Resultados e Discussões: O modelo computacional desenvolvido demonstrou representatividade ao sistema real, apresentando baixos níveis de desvios nas etapas de verificação e validação. Sua utilização permitiu: identificar oportunidade de redução de 7 caminhões de linha e 20 conjuntos de carretas, que representam, respectivamente, 14,3% e 17,2% da estrutura total, uma economia potencial de R$ 2.611.525 por safra; e avaliar o fluxo de cana das frentes de colheita e o comportamento de filas, ciclos e leadtime em diferentes cenários. Também foi proposto um fluxo para utilização do modelo no planejamento operacional. Além disso, lacunas encontradas na base teórica foram supridas. Implicações Gerenciais: O modelo contribui para o processo de tomada de decisão no setor sucroenergético, a partir de dados confiáveis e cenários gerados com agilidade, que podem suportar: o planejamento operacional, a partir do dimensionamento da estrutura de equipamentos e a avaliação de entrega de cana; as decisões estratégicas, no que tange à fusões ou aquisições e estratégias de “clusterização”; e o desenvolvimento tecnológico, como ferramenta para novas tecnologias relacionadas à Agricultura 4.0, principalmente, no que se refere à integração entre o sistema agrícola e o industrial. Conclusões e Limitações da Pesquisa: Os objetivos propostos foram alcançados, de modo que foi desenvolvido um modelo de simulação computacional representativo às operações de CTT da cana-de-açúcar, que possibilitou a melhor compreensão do sistema estudado para a tomada de decisão e gestão operacional, assim como identificar e avaliar melhorias no fluxo da cana. Destaca-se contribuições práticas para a gestão operacional do setor sucroenergético e científicas para incrementar a base de conhecimento sobre gestão de organizações agroindustriais, propósito do mestrado profissional. No que tange às limitações do estudo, tem-se que o modelo é único, baseado nos dados e processos de uma empresa; e que foi elaborado em um único software, que não dispõe de simulação dinâmica. Originalidade: O modelo apresentado neste trabalho, supre as seguintes lacunas que contribuem para sua originalidade: integração de todas as operações da cadeia, das frentes de colheita até a moagem; flexibilidade de configuração do modelo para gerar cenários com agilidade; modelo único capaz de simular o sistema em diferentes horizontes de tempo; modelo que representa um sistema com uma estrutura agrícola que fornece para mais de uma planta industrial. A escolha do software Promodel também é uma fonte de originalidade, dado que não foi encontrado em nenhum estudo aplicado no agronegócio.
Purpose: Develop a computer simulation model of sugarcane harvest, loading, transport and milling operations, which supports decision-making and operational management, and improves the flow of harvesting and industrial supply of sugarcane. Design/methodology: The method used was Design Science Research, with a predominantly qualitative approach, as it allows the development of a model to solve a practical problem and generate scientific knowledge to contribute to the theoretical basis for managing sugarcane operations. The study was guided by a case study in a sugarcane industry, whose data collection was based on observation of processes, interviews and document analysis. Data analysis was segmented into process mapping and description, modeling, testing and validation, and model use. Findings and Discussions: The computational model developed showed representativeness to the real system, with low levels of deviations in the verification and validation steps. Its use allowed: to identify opportunities to reduce 7 line trucks and 20 sets of trailers, which represent, respectively, 14.3% and 17.2% of the total structure, a potential savings of R$ 2,611,525 per harvest; and evaluate the flow of sugarcane from the harvesting fronts and the behavior of queues, cycles and leadtime in different scenarios. A flow for using the model in operational planning was also proposed. Furthermore, gaps found in the theoretical basis were filled. Management Implication: The model contributes to the decision-making process in the sugarcane sector, based on reliable data and quickly generated scenarios, which can support: operational planning, based on the dimensioning of the equipment structure and the assessment of sugarcane delivery; strategic decisions, regarding mergers or acquisitions and “clusterization” strategies; and technological development, as a tool for new technologies related to Agriculture 4.0, mainly with regard to the integration between the agricultural and industrial systems. Conclusion and Research limitations: The proposed objectives were achieved, so that a computer simulation model representative of the sugarcane CTT operations was developed, which enabled a better understanding of the system for decision-making and operational management, as well as identifying and evaluating improvements in the flow of sugarcane. The following were found: practical contributions to the operational management of the sugarcane sector and scientific contributions to increase the knowledge base on the management of agro-industrial organizations, the purpose of the professional master's degree. Regarding the study's limitations, the model is unique, based on a company's data and processes; and that it was developed in a single software, which does not have dynamic simulation. Originality: The model presented in this work fills the following gaps that contribute to its originality: integration of all operations in the chain, from the harvesting fronts to the milling; model configuration flexibility to generate scenarios with agility; unique model capable of simulating the system in different time horizons; model that represents a system with an agricultural structure that supplies more than one industrial plant. The choice of Promodel software is also a source of originality, as it has not been found in any study applied to agribusiness.
Purpose: Develop a computer simulation model of sugarcane harvest, loading, transport and milling operations, which supports decision-making and operational management, and improves the flow of harvesting and industrial supply of sugarcane. Design/methodology: The method used was Design Science Research, with a predominantly qualitative approach, as it allows the development of a model to solve a practical problem and generate scientific knowledge to contribute to the theoretical basis for managing sugarcane operations. The study was guided by a case study in a sugarcane industry, whose data collection was based on observation of processes, interviews and document analysis. Data analysis was segmented into process mapping and description, modeling, testing and validation, and model use. Findings and Discussions: The computational model developed showed representativeness to the real system, with low levels of deviations in the verification and validation steps. Its use allowed: to identify opportunities to reduce 7 line trucks and 20 sets of trailers, which represent, respectively, 14.3% and 17.2% of the total structure, a potential savings of R$ 2,611,525 per harvest; and evaluate the flow of sugarcane from the harvesting fronts and the behavior of queues, cycles and leadtime in different scenarios. A flow for using the model in operational planning was also proposed. Furthermore, gaps found in the theoretical basis were filled. Management Implication: The model contributes to the decision-making process in the sugarcane sector, based on reliable data and quickly generated scenarios, which can support: operational planning, based on the dimensioning of the equipment structure and the assessment of sugarcane delivery; strategic decisions, regarding mergers or acquisitions and “clusterization” strategies; and technological development, as a tool for new technologies related to Agriculture 4.0, mainly with regard to the integration between the agricultural and industrial systems. Conclusion and Research limitations: The proposed objectives were achieved, so that a computer simulation model representative of the sugarcane CTT operations was developed, which enabled a better understanding of the system for decision-making and operational management, as well as identifying and evaluating improvements in the flow of sugarcane. The following were found: practical contributions to the operational management of the sugarcane sector and scientific contributions to increase the knowledge base on the management of agro-industrial organizations, the purpose of the professional master's degree. Regarding the study's limitations, the model is unique, based on a company's data and processes; and that it was developed in a single software, which does not have dynamic simulation. Originality: The model presented in this work fills the following gaps that contribute to its originality: integration of all operations in the chain, from the harvesting fronts to the milling; model configuration flexibility to generate scenarios with agility; unique model capable of simulating the system in different time horizons; model that represents a system with an agricultural structure that supplies more than one industrial plant. The choice of Promodel software is also a source of originality, as it has not been found in any study applied to agribusiness.
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Sugarcane, Organização industrial, Cana-de-açúcar