Uso e cobertura da terra na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Novo (UGRHI-17) e parâmetros físicoquímicos da água no exutório
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Data
2020-07-06
Autores
Ferreira, Jakson José
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo teve como objetivo verificar a influência do uso da terra da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Novo na qualidade da água de seu exutório na UHE Lucas Nogueira Garcez, Salto Grande/SP. Para a avaliação foram identificadas as alterações que ocorreram na bacia, concomitantes às coletas de água no exutório do Rio Novo entre setembro de 2017 e agosto de 2018, relacionando com os parâmetros físico-químicos da água, oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade elétrica, pH, temperatura da água, turbidez, sólidos em suspensão totais e transparência, tendo como parâmetros os enquadramentos da resolução CONAMA 357/2005. Para a elaboração e identificação do mapa de uso e cobertura da terra, utilizou-se das imagens do satélite Landsat 8 sensor OLI. As análises de água demostraram que as alterações que ocorreram no uso e na cobertura da terra da bacia do Rio Novo não influenciaram na qualidade da água no exutório da represa de Salto Grande no Rio Paranapanema, inclusive nos períodos de entressafra, em que a cobertura vegetal diminuiu significativamente, expondo o solo a processos erosivos, como os que ocorreram no alto Rio Novo, onde a susceptibilidade à erosão é identificada como alta. Os resultados da pesquisa expõem que há a necessidade de análises mais específicas, de forma a ter indicadores que possam ser acompanhados no trajeto da nascente à foz do rio, como forma de predizer possíveis danos ambientais que possam estar ocorrendo à montante.
The study aimed to verify the influence of land use and occupation on water quality in the Rio Novo / UHE Lucas Nogueira Garcez, Salto Grande / SP. For evaluation, the changes that occurred in the basin were identified, concurrent with the collection of water in the outlet of the Novo River, between September 2017 and August 2018, relating to the physical-chemical parameters of the water, such as dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH, temperature , turbidity, total suspended solids and transparency, having as parameters the frameworks of CONAMA resolution 357 of 2005. For the elaboration and identification of the land use and land cover map, we used images from the Landsat 8 satellite, OLI sensor. The water analyzes showed that the changes that occurred in the land use and coverage of the Rio Novo basin did not influence the water quality in the Salto Grande reservoir, in Rio Paranapanema, including the off-season periods, where the vegetation cover decreased significantly, exposing the soil to erosive processes, such as those that occurred in the upper Rio Novo, where the susceptibility to erosion is identified as high by the IPT. The results of the research show that there is a need for more specific analyzes, in order to create indicators to monitor water physical-chemical parameters in the path from the springs to the basin outlet, as a way to predict possible environmental damages that may be occurring upstream.
The study aimed to verify the influence of land use and occupation on water quality in the Rio Novo / UHE Lucas Nogueira Garcez, Salto Grande / SP. For evaluation, the changes that occurred in the basin were identified, concurrent with the collection of water in the outlet of the Novo River, between September 2017 and August 2018, relating to the physical-chemical parameters of the water, such as dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH, temperature , turbidity, total suspended solids and transparency, having as parameters the frameworks of CONAMA resolution 357 of 2005. For the elaboration and identification of the land use and land cover map, we used images from the Landsat 8 satellite, OLI sensor. The water analyzes showed that the changes that occurred in the land use and coverage of the Rio Novo basin did not influence the water quality in the Salto Grande reservoir, in Rio Paranapanema, including the off-season periods, where the vegetation cover decreased significantly, exposing the soil to erosive processes, such as those that occurred in the upper Rio Novo, where the susceptibility to erosion is identified as high by the IPT. The results of the research show that there is a need for more specific analyzes, in order to create indicators to monitor water physical-chemical parameters in the path from the springs to the basin outlet, as a way to predict possible environmental damages that may be occurring upstream.
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Monitoramento, Sensoriamento remoto, Qualidade da água, SIG, Planning and land use, Remote sensing, Water quality, GIS