Desenvolvimento de vídeo direcionado às crianças sobre o enfrentamento de emoções advindas do isolamento social na pandemia COVID-19
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Data
2022-05-03
Autores
Jacob, Francine Letícia da Silva
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Introdução: Gerenciar o estado emocional das crianças na pandemia COVID-19, buscando auxiliá-las no equilíbrio de suas emoções, de modo a reduzir os sofrimentos e problemas psicológicos que esse evento possa acarretar é de extrema importância. Sendo assim, entende-se que a relevância de identificar as emoções, identificar os níveis de ansiedade das crianças em contexto de isolamento social e de desenvolver um material educativo que possibilite contribuir para melhor enfrentamento das vertentes emocionais desse grupo justifica a realização da presente pesquisa. Objetivo: desenvolver um vídeo educativo lúdico direcionado às crianças de 6 a 12 anos para o enfrentamento das emoções negativas advindas do isolamento social decorrentes da pandemia da COVID-19, a partir do conhecimento das emoções das crianças e da avaliação da prevalência de ansiedade. Métodos: A pesquisa adotou abordagem multimétodos, delineadas por duas etapas. Na primeira foi realizado um estudo transversal, por meio de pesquisa online com crianças brasileiras, de 6 a 12 anos de idade e seus responsáveis, no período de abril a julho de 2020. Para identificar as características sociodemográficas, condições quanto ao isolamento social das crianças, bem como as emoções e ansiedade, foram utilizados formulários: Children´s Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ; pontuações 4–12), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS; pontuações 0–10) e três perguntas específicas abertas às crianças. Na segunda etapa, foi realizado um estudo metodológico para o desenvolvimento de vídeo educativo infantil, com a colaboração de um grupo de especialistas, direcionado pela análise dos dados coletados na primeira etapa do estudo para auxiliar as crianças no enfrentamento das emoções negativas ocasionadas pelo isolamento social. O desenvolvimento do vídeo ocorreu por meio de sete etapas: fundamentação teórica; análise dos dados coletados na primeira etapa do estudo; elaboração da primeira versão do produto pelo grupo de especialistas; avaliação de um professor de língua portuguesa; consolidação da segunda versão do vídeo; publicação e divulgação do vídeo e certificação do produto pela Ancine. Resultados: na primeira etapa do estudo foram incluídas um total de 385 crianças e seus responsáveis. Das crianças, 209 (54%) eram meninas e 176 (46%) meninos, com média de idade de 9 anos (± 8,81). Entre os responsáveis, a grande maioria, 335 (87%) eram mães, com média de idade de 38 anos (± 37,75). Das respostas das crianças segundo o CAQ, 55 (14%) relataram se sentir pouco “feliz/alegre” e 216 (56%) com muito “medo/preocupado”. Das respostas das crianças segundo o NRS, apenas 81 (21%) apresentaram ansiedade leve. Das respostas abertas das crianças, identificou-se que elas apresentaram emoções negativas e positivas, além de desejos e saudade. Na segunda etapa, o vídeo educativo intitulado “Emoções e sentimentos das crianças na Pandemia do Coronavírus – COVID-19” foi desenvolvido e disponibilizado gratuitamente nas redes sociais e plataformas digitais. Considerações Finais: Identificar a ansiedade das crianças, bem como suas emoções, contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de tecnologia educativa, com potencial aplicação em situações semelhantes na infância.
Introduction: Managing the emotional state of children in the pandemic COVID-19, seeking to help them balance their emotions, in order to reduce the suffering and psychological problems that this event may cause is extremely important. Therefore, it is understood that the relevance of understanding emotions, identifying children's anxiety levels in a context of social isolation and developing an educational material that makes it possible to contribute to better coping with the emotional aspects of this group justifies the accomplishment of the present research. Objectives: to develop a playful educational video aimed at children from 6 to 12 years old to face the negative emotions arising from the recurring social isolation of the pandemic COVID-19, based on the knowledge of the children's emotions and the evaluation of the prevalence of anxiety and the associated factors in this context. Methods: The research adopted a multi-method approach, outlined in two stages. In the first one, a cross-sectional study was carried out, through an online survey with Brazilian children, aged 6 to 12 years and their guardians, from the period of April to July of 2020. To identify sociodemographic characteristics, conditions regarding the social isolation of children, as well as emotions and anxiety forms were used: the Children's Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ; scores 4–12), the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS; scores 0–10) and three specific questions open to children. In the second stage, a methodological study was carried out for the development of an educational video for children, with the collaboration of a group of experts, guided by the analysis of the data collected in the first stage of the study to assist children in coping with negative emotions caused by social isolation. The development of the video took place through seven stages: theoretical foundation; analysis of data collected in the first stage of the study; development of the first version of the product by the group of specialists; assessment of a Portuguese language teacher; consolidation of the second version of the video; publication and dissemination of the video and certification of the product by Ancine. Results: in the first stage of the study were included a total of 385 children and their guardians. Of the children, 209 (54%) were girls and 176 (46%) were boys, with a mean age of 9 years (± 8.81). Among those responsible, the vast majority, 335 (87%) were mothers, with a mean age of 38 years (± 37.75). Of the children's responses according to the CAQ, 55 (14%) reported feeling little “happy/cheerful” and 216 (56%) very “fearful/worried”. Of the children's responses according to the NRS, only 81 (21%) showed mild anxiety. From the open responses to the children, it was identified that they had negative and positive emotions, as well as desires and emotions of homesickness. In the second stage, the educational video entitled “Children’s emotions and feelings in the Coronavirus Pandemic – COVID-19” was developed and made available for free on digital networks and platforms. Final Considerations: Knowing children's anxiety, associated factors, as well as their emotions, contributed to the development of educational technology, with potential application in similar situations in childhood.
Introduction: Managing the emotional state of children in the pandemic COVID-19, seeking to help them balance their emotions, in order to reduce the suffering and psychological problems that this event may cause is extremely important. Therefore, it is understood that the relevance of understanding emotions, identifying children's anxiety levels in a context of social isolation and developing an educational material that makes it possible to contribute to better coping with the emotional aspects of this group justifies the accomplishment of the present research. Objectives: to develop a playful educational video aimed at children from 6 to 12 years old to face the negative emotions arising from the recurring social isolation of the pandemic COVID-19, based on the knowledge of the children's emotions and the evaluation of the prevalence of anxiety and the associated factors in this context. Methods: The research adopted a multi-method approach, outlined in two stages. In the first one, a cross-sectional study was carried out, through an online survey with Brazilian children, aged 6 to 12 years and their guardians, from the period of April to July of 2020. To identify sociodemographic characteristics, conditions regarding the social isolation of children, as well as emotions and anxiety forms were used: the Children's Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ; scores 4–12), the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS; scores 0–10) and three specific questions open to children. In the second stage, a methodological study was carried out for the development of an educational video for children, with the collaboration of a group of experts, guided by the analysis of the data collected in the first stage of the study to assist children in coping with negative emotions caused by social isolation. The development of the video took place through seven stages: theoretical foundation; analysis of data collected in the first stage of the study; development of the first version of the product by the group of specialists; assessment of a Portuguese language teacher; consolidation of the second version of the video; publication and dissemination of the video and certification of the product by Ancine. Results: in the first stage of the study were included a total of 385 children and their guardians. Of the children, 209 (54%) were girls and 176 (46%) were boys, with a mean age of 9 years (± 8.81). Among those responsible, the vast majority, 335 (87%) were mothers, with a mean age of 38 years (± 37.75). Of the children's responses according to the CAQ, 55 (14%) reported feeling little “happy/cheerful” and 216 (56%) very “fearful/worried”. Of the children's responses according to the NRS, only 81 (21%) showed mild anxiety. From the open responses to the children, it was identified that they had negative and positive emotions, as well as desires and emotions of homesickness. In the second stage, the educational video entitled “Children’s emotions and feelings in the Coronavirus Pandemic – COVID-19” was developed and made available for free on digital networks and platforms. Final Considerations: Knowing children's anxiety, associated factors, as well as their emotions, contributed to the development of educational technology, with potential application in similar situations in childhood.
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Palavras-chave
Crianças, Emoções, Ansiedade, Pandemia, Covid-19, Filme, Vídeo educativo, Enfermagem pediátrica, Pediatric nursing, Children, Emotions, Anxiety, Pandemic, Educational film and video