Uso e cobertura da terra: identificação de diferentes paisagens na microbacia do Ribeirão Fartura
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Data
2022-06-15
Autores
Bortoti, Charles Emanuel Barbosa
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Considerando que as geotecnologias têm sido uma importante ferramenta para monitorar a superfície da terra, o presente estudo trata de uma análise do uso e cobertura da terra, tomando a microbacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Fartura como recorte espacial e considerando um intervalo de trinta anos, a fim de compreender as mudanças ocorridas no uso e cobertura da terra e identificar as diferentes paisagens presentes. Foi realizada uma pesquisa envolvendo análises históricas e compreensão dos elementos do presente, diretamente entrelaçados com a relação homem e natureza. O presente estudo foi realizado em duas fases que incluíram a aquisição de dados do programa Mapbiomas para geração mapas temáticos e dados numéricos de uso e cobertura da terra para os anos de 1990, 2000, 2010 e 2020; e na segunda fase o trabalho de campo, que possibilitou uma análise das paisagens. Verificou-se que os diferentes usos e cobertura da terra variaram em suas áreas neste período de trinta anos. Áreas agrícolas constituíram a classe de uso da terra com predomínio em todos os anos, pastagem, apesar de perder espaço ao longo dos anos, continuou sendo a segunda classe de maior incidência na área, floresta plantada e a área urbanizada apresentaram um aumento considerável, respectivamente; as áreas de formação florestal e corpos d’água sofreram constantes impactos ambientais em suas respectivas áreas. O uso das geotecnologias e o trabalho de campo foram fundamentais para conclusão deste trabalho, pois foi possível verificar que o intenso manejo da terra e a exploração dos recursos naturais esteve presente em todos os anos examinados e está em constante processo de expansão na área da microbacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Fartura.
Considering that GIS technologies have been an important tool to monitor the earth’s surface, the present study deals with an analysis of land use and land cover, taking the Ribeirão Fartura river bassin as a spatial clipping and considering an interval of thiirty years, in order to understand the changes that have taken place in land use and cover and to identify the different landscapes present. The research was then carried out involving historical analysis and understanding of the elements of the present, directly intertwined with the relationship between man and nature.The present study was carried out in two important phases, which included the acquisition of data from the Mapbiomas program to generate thematic maps and numerical data on land use and land cover for the years 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020; in the second the fieldwork, which enabled an analysis of the broad landscape. In view of this, it was found that the different uses and land cover varied in their areas in this thirty-year period. Agricultural areas constituted the predominant land use class in all years, pasture, despite losing space over the years, continued to be the second class with the highest incidence in the area, planted forest and urbanized area obtained a significant increase and considerable, respectively; the areas of forest formation and water bodies suffered constant environmental impacts in their respective areas. The use of GIS technologies and fieldwork were important for the conclusion of this work, it was possible to verify that the intense land management and the exploitation of natural resources was present in all the years examined and are in a constant process of expansion in the area of the Ribeirão Fartura river bassin.
Considering that GIS technologies have been an important tool to monitor the earth’s surface, the present study deals with an analysis of land use and land cover, taking the Ribeirão Fartura river bassin as a spatial clipping and considering an interval of thiirty years, in order to understand the changes that have taken place in land use and cover and to identify the different landscapes present. The research was then carried out involving historical analysis and understanding of the elements of the present, directly intertwined with the relationship between man and nature.The present study was carried out in two important phases, which included the acquisition of data from the Mapbiomas program to generate thematic maps and numerical data on land use and land cover for the years 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020; in the second the fieldwork, which enabled an analysis of the broad landscape. In view of this, it was found that the different uses and land cover varied in their areas in this thirty-year period. Agricultural areas constituted the predominant land use class in all years, pasture, despite losing space over the years, continued to be the second class with the highest incidence in the area, planted forest and urbanized area obtained a significant increase and considerable, respectively; the areas of forest formation and water bodies suffered constant environmental impacts in their respective areas. The use of GIS technologies and fieldwork were important for the conclusion of this work, it was possible to verify that the intense land management and the exploitation of natural resources was present in all the years examined and are in a constant process of expansion in the area of the Ribeirão Fartura river bassin.
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Palavras-chave
Geotecnologias, Bacia hidrográfica, Manejo da terra, Recursos naturais, Geotechnologies, River bassin, Land management, Natural resources