Inoculação com bactérias diazotróficas e redução da adubação nitrogenada na cultura do arroz de terras altas
Data
2022-07-15
Autores
Tomasetti, Ana Clara Silva
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Uma grande área, demanda maior uso de adubação nitrogenada, e consequentemente maiores gastos com o mesmo, logo o objetivo desta pesquisa será avaliar os efeitos da inoculação com bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas e adubação nitrogenada em cobertura no desenvolvimento, componentes produtivos e produtividade do arroz de terras altas. O projeto de pesquisa será desenvolvido a campo durante o período de novembro de 2021 à março de 2022, no munícipio de Dracena, SP, pertencente à região da Nova Alta Paulista, em um Argissolo Vermelho distrófico típico de textura arenosa. O delineamento experimental será em blocos casualizados composto de cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados composto de cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos: 1) controle absoluto (0% de N em cobertura e sem inoculação); 2) 50% de N em cobertura e não inoculado; 3) 100% de N em cobertura e não inoculado; 4) 50% de N em cobertura + inoculação via semente com Azospirillum brasilense (150 g para cada 40 kg sementes) + solução açucarada (3 ml kg-1 de semente da solução); 5) 50% de N em cobertura + inoculação via semente com biológico A (150 g para cada 40 kg sementes) + solução adesiva (3 ml kg-1 de semente da solução). A dose recomendada de 100% de N em cobertura foi de 80 kg ha-1. Foram avaliadas na cultura do arroz de terras altas: floração, maturação, índice de clorofila foliar, teor de nitrogênio foliar, massa de matéria seca da parte aérea, radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (RFA), altura de plantas, acamamento, número de panículas por metro quadrado, número total de espiguetas por panícula, número de espiguetas cheias e vazias por panícula, escaldadura, fertilidade das espiguetas, massa de cem grãos, massa hectolítrica, produtividade de grãos, eficiência produtiva e rendimento de engenho. O uso de inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense juntamente com a diminuição da dosagem de adubação nitrogenada é eficaz para o arroz de terras altas, sendo atrativo pela possibilidade de diminuir custos com adubação (N), além de ser uma alternativa viável sustentavelmente.
A large area demands greater use of nitrogen fertilization, and consequently higher expenses with it, so the objective of this research will be to evaluate the effects of inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria and nitrogen fertilization in coverage on the development, productive components and productivity of the highland rice. The research project will be developed in the field during the period from November 2021 to March 2022, in the municipality of Dracena, SP, belonging to the Nova Alta Paulista region, in a typical dystrophic Red Argisol with a sandy texture. The experimental design will be in randomized blocks composed of five treatments and six replications. The experimental design was in randomized blocks composed of five treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of: 1) absolute control (0% N in coverage and without inoculation); 2) 50% N in coverage and not inoculated; 3) 100% N in coverage and not inoculated; 4) 50% N in coverage + inoculation via seed with Azospirillum brasilense (150 g for every 40 kg of seeds) + sugar solution (3 ml kg-1 of seed solution); 5) 50% N in coverage + inoculation via seed with biological A (150 g for every 40 kg of seeds) + adhesive solution (3 ml kg-1 of seed solution). The recommended dose of 100% N in coverage was 80 kg ha-1. The following were evaluated in upland rice: flowering, maturation, leaf chlorophyll index, leaf nitrogen content, shoot dry matter mass, photosynthetically active radiation (RFA), plant height, lodging, number of panicles per meter square, total number of spikelets per panicle, number of full and empty spikelets per panicle, scalding, spikelet fertility, hundred-grain mass, hectoliter mass, grain yield, productive efficiency and mill yield. The use of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation together with the reduction of nitrogen fertilization dosage is effective for upland rice, being attractive for the possibility of reducing fertilization costs (N), in addition to being a sustainable viable alternative.
A large area demands greater use of nitrogen fertilization, and consequently higher expenses with it, so the objective of this research will be to evaluate the effects of inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria and nitrogen fertilization in coverage on the development, productive components and productivity of the highland rice. The research project will be developed in the field during the period from November 2021 to March 2022, in the municipality of Dracena, SP, belonging to the Nova Alta Paulista region, in a typical dystrophic Red Argisol with a sandy texture. The experimental design will be in randomized blocks composed of five treatments and six replications. The experimental design was in randomized blocks composed of five treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of: 1) absolute control (0% N in coverage and without inoculation); 2) 50% N in coverage and not inoculated; 3) 100% N in coverage and not inoculated; 4) 50% N in coverage + inoculation via seed with Azospirillum brasilense (150 g for every 40 kg of seeds) + sugar solution (3 ml kg-1 of seed solution); 5) 50% N in coverage + inoculation via seed with biological A (150 g for every 40 kg of seeds) + adhesive solution (3 ml kg-1 of seed solution). The recommended dose of 100% N in coverage was 80 kg ha-1. The following were evaluated in upland rice: flowering, maturation, leaf chlorophyll index, leaf nitrogen content, shoot dry matter mass, photosynthetically active radiation (RFA), plant height, lodging, number of panicles per meter square, total number of spikelets per panicle, number of full and empty spikelets per panicle, scalding, spikelet fertility, hundred-grain mass, hectoliter mass, grain yield, productive efficiency and mill yield. The use of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation together with the reduction of nitrogen fertilization dosage is effective for upland rice, being attractive for the possibility of reducing fertilization costs (N), in addition to being a sustainable viable alternative.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Oryza sativa L, Adubação nitrogenada, Inoculação, Azospirillum brasilense, Nitrogen fertilizatin