Rações com níveis crescentes de energia associadas com blend de óleos essenciais e amilase ou monensina para bovinos nelore confinados: desempenho, características de carcaça e morfometria ruminal e cecal
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Data
2022-09-12
Autores
Silva, Thaiano Iranildo de Sousa
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar níveis crescentes de energia na dieta associados com um blend de óleos essenciais + amilase ou monensina sódica no desempenho, características de carcaça e morfometria ruminal e cecal de bovinos confinados. Foram utilizados 210 bovinos machos não castrados da raça Nelore com peso vivo inicial de ± 375 kg, onde foram blocados e alocados aleatoriamente em 30 baias com área de 120m2. O experimento foi delineado em blocos inteiramente casualizados em esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo: três níveis de amido com 25, 35, 45% e duas tecnologias em aditivos: óleos essenciais (Crina® Ruminants) + amilase (Ronozyme™ RumiStar) ou Monensina sódica (Rumensin, Elanco, Indianápolis, São Paulo, Brasil). Os animais foram arraçoados uma vez por dia às 08:00 horas de forma ad libitum e passaram por um período de adaptação de 14 dias. As dietas foram compostas por bagaço de cana, milho grão moído, casca de soja, caroço de algodão, farelo de soja, núcleo mineral-vitamínico e aditivos. Os animais alimentados com Crina 35% obtiveram maior consumo de matéria seca (P=<0.02) e ganho de peso diário (P=<0.02). Os tratamentos com uso de Monensina apresentaram melhora na conversão alimentar (P=<0.03) e eficiência alimentar (P=<0.02). O uso de Crina 25 e 35% aumentou o peso de carcaça quente (P=<0.01). Animais alimentados com Crina aumentaram o rendimento de carcaça (P=<0.01), ganho de carcaça (P=<0.01), ganho de área de olho de lombo (P=<0.01) e área de olho de lombo final (P=<0.02). O uso de Monensina 25% melhorou a eficiência de ganho de carcaça (P=<0.01), eficiência biológica (P=<0.01), marmoreio final (P=<0.04), espessura de gordura subcutânea final (P=<0.01). O uso de Monensina diminuiu as perdas de amido nas fezes (P=<0.0001). As análises de carne não foram alteradas, exceto, para perdas por cocção (P=<0.0038) e umidade (P=<0.0186) com uso de Crina, foram observadas. O uso de Monensina 25% aumentou o consumo de matéria seca por refeição (P=<0.01) e os tratamentos com Crina aumentaram o consumo de fibra em detergente neutro (P=<0.0001). Animais que consumiram Crina aumentaram a área de superfície absortiva (P=<0.05) e área de papila % ASA (P=<0.01) do rúmen. O uso da Monensina apresentou menor escore de lesão do ceco (P=<0.02). Portanto, o uso de Crina com 25 e 35% de amido na dieta aumenta o desempenho produtivo. Porém, animais consumindo Monensina melhoram a eficiência alimentar e reduz as lesões no rúmen e ceco.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the increasing levels of energy in the diet associated with a blend of essential oils + amylase or sodium Monensin on performance, carcass characteristics and ruminal and cecal morphometry of feedlot cattle. Were used 210 Nellore bulls with initial live weight of ± 375 kg, where they were blocked and randomly allocated in 30 pens with an area of 120m2. The experiment was designed in completely randomized blocks in a 3x2 factorial arrangement, being: three levels of starch with 25, 35, 45% and two technologies in additives: essential oils (Crina® Ruminants) + amylase (Ronozyme™ RumiStar) or sodium Monesin (Rumensin, Elanco, Indianápolis, São Paulo, Brazil). The animals were fed once a day at 08:00 ad libitum and underwent an adaptation period of 14 days. The diets consisted of sugarcane bagasse, ground corn, soybean hulls, cottonseed, soybean meal, mineral-vitamin core and additives. The animals fed Crina 35% had higher dry matter intake (P=<0.02) and daily weight gain (P=<0.02). The treatments using Monensin showed improve feed conversion (P=<0.03) and feed efficiency (P=<0.02). The use of Crina 25 and 35% increased hot carcass weight (P=<0.01). Animals fed Crina increased carcass yield (P=<0.01), carcass gain (P=<0.01), rib eye area gain (P=<0.01) and final rib eye area (P=< 0.02). The use of 25% MON improved carcass gain efficiency (P=<0.01), biological efficiency (P=<0.01), final marbling (P=<0.04), final subcutaneous fat thickness (P=<0.01). The use of Monensin decreased the loss of starch in the feces (P=<0.0001). Meat analyzes were not altered, except that lower cooking losses (P=<0.0038) and moisture (P=<0.0186) for Crina were observed. The use of 25% Monensin increased dry matter intake per meal (P=<0.01) and Crina treatments increased neutral detergent fiber consumption (P=<0.0001). Animals that consumed CR increased rumen absorptive surface area (P=<0.05) and % ASA papilla area (P=<0.01). The use of Monensin had a lower cecum injury score (P=<0.02). Therefore, the use of Crina with 25 and 35% starch in the diet increases productive performance. However, animals consuming Monensin improve feed efficiency and reduce lesions in the rumen and cecum.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the increasing levels of energy in the diet associated with a blend of essential oils + amylase or sodium Monensin on performance, carcass characteristics and ruminal and cecal morphometry of feedlot cattle. Were used 210 Nellore bulls with initial live weight of ± 375 kg, where they were blocked and randomly allocated in 30 pens with an area of 120m2. The experiment was designed in completely randomized blocks in a 3x2 factorial arrangement, being: three levels of starch with 25, 35, 45% and two technologies in additives: essential oils (Crina® Ruminants) + amylase (Ronozyme™ RumiStar) or sodium Monesin (Rumensin, Elanco, Indianápolis, São Paulo, Brazil). The animals were fed once a day at 08:00 ad libitum and underwent an adaptation period of 14 days. The diets consisted of sugarcane bagasse, ground corn, soybean hulls, cottonseed, soybean meal, mineral-vitamin core and additives. The animals fed Crina 35% had higher dry matter intake (P=<0.02) and daily weight gain (P=<0.02). The treatments using Monensin showed improve feed conversion (P=<0.03) and feed efficiency (P=<0.02). The use of Crina 25 and 35% increased hot carcass weight (P=<0.01). Animals fed Crina increased carcass yield (P=<0.01), carcass gain (P=<0.01), rib eye area gain (P=<0.01) and final rib eye area (P=< 0.02). The use of 25% MON improved carcass gain efficiency (P=<0.01), biological efficiency (P=<0.01), final marbling (P=<0.04), final subcutaneous fat thickness (P=<0.01). The use of Monensin decreased the loss of starch in the feces (P=<0.0001). Meat analyzes were not altered, except that lower cooking losses (P=<0.0038) and moisture (P=<0.0186) for Crina were observed. The use of 25% Monensin increased dry matter intake per meal (P=<0.01) and Crina treatments increased neutral detergent fiber consumption (P=<0.0001). Animals that consumed CR increased rumen absorptive surface area (P=<0.05) and % ASA papilla area (P=<0.01). The use of Monensin had a lower cecum injury score (P=<0.02). Therefore, the use of Crina with 25 and 35% starch in the diet increases productive performance. However, animals consuming Monensin improve feed efficiency and reduce lesions in the rumen and cecum.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Concentrado, Eficiência, Óleos essenciais, Ruminante, Concentrate, Efficiency, Essential oils, Ruminant