Uso da água na indústria sucroenergética: estudo de caso no noroeste paulista
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Data
2022-08-05
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Brasil é o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar em escala mundial e possui grandes áreas de terras e clima favorável para o desenvolvimento da cultura. A matéria prima (cana-de-açúcar) utilizada no processo produtivo industrial gera etanol anidro e hidratado, açúcar e energia elétrica, importantes para a economia nacional. Com a elevada produtividade do setor sucroenergético brasileiro, é notável a importância da gestão dos recursos naturais em sua cadeia de produção, principalmente relacionada ao uso dos recursos hídricos, que deve ser tratado pelas companhias de forma racional e eficiente. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho buscou identificar, na última década, o consumo de água na empresa Vale do Paraná S/A Álcool e Açúcar, localizada no noroeste paulista, além de elucidar as tecnologias implantadas na área industrial que contribuíram para a redução do consumo. A metodologia adotada consistiu no levantamento de dados e informações de pesquisas bibliográficas e visitas de campo, na realização de entrevistas com os supervisores da empresa e na utilização de informações de boletins técnicos. A planta industrial em estudo apresentou uma redução de 34,88% no consumo de água nos últimos 10 anos (2012: 0,86 m³ de água por tonelada de cana-de-açúcar; 2021: 0,56 m³ de água por tonelada de cana-de-açúcar). Ressalta-se que os dados registrados para o ano 2017 não apresentaram número confiável, pois o sistema estava em fase de teste. As principais tecnologias que contribuíram para tal redução foram: limpeza de cana-de-açúcar a seco, utilização de circuitos fechados, recuperação de condensados, reuso da água e implantação do sistema de medição de água.
Brazil is the largest producer of sugarcane on a world scale and has large areas of land and a favorable climate for the development of the crop. The raw material (sugarcane) used in the industrial production process generates anhydrous and hydrated ethanol, sugar and electricity, which are important for the national economy. With the high productivity of the Brazilian sugar-energy sector, the importance of managing natural resources in its production chain is remarkable, mainly related to the use of water resources, which must be treated by companies in a rational and efficient way. In this context, the present work sought to identify, in the last decade, the consumption of water in the company Vale do Paraná S/A Álcool e Açúcar, located in the northwest of São Paulo, in addition to elucidating the technologies implemented in the industrial area that contributed to the reduction of consumption. The adopted methodology consisted of collecting data and information from bibliographic research and field visits, conducting interviews with the company's supervisors and using information from technical bulletins. The industrial plant under study showed a 34.88% reduction in water consumption in the last 10 years (2012: 0.86 m³ of water per ton of sugarcane; 2021: 0.56 m³ of water per ton of sugar cane). It is noteworthy that the data recorded for the year 2017 did not present a reliable number, as the system was in the test phase. The main technologies that contributed to this reduction were dry cleaning of sugarcane, use of closed circuits, recovery of condensate, reuse of water and implementation of a water metering system.
Brazil is the largest producer of sugarcane on a world scale and has large areas of land and a favorable climate for the development of the crop. The raw material (sugarcane) used in the industrial production process generates anhydrous and hydrated ethanol, sugar and electricity, which are important for the national economy. With the high productivity of the Brazilian sugar-energy sector, the importance of managing natural resources in its production chain is remarkable, mainly related to the use of water resources, which must be treated by companies in a rational and efficient way. In this context, the present work sought to identify, in the last decade, the consumption of water in the company Vale do Paraná S/A Álcool e Açúcar, located in the northwest of São Paulo, in addition to elucidating the technologies implemented in the industrial area that contributed to the reduction of consumption. The adopted methodology consisted of collecting data and information from bibliographic research and field visits, conducting interviews with the company's supervisors and using information from technical bulletins. The industrial plant under study showed a 34.88% reduction in water consumption in the last 10 years (2012: 0.86 m³ of water per ton of sugarcane; 2021: 0.56 m³ of water per ton of sugar cane). It is noteworthy that the data recorded for the year 2017 did not present a reliable number, as the system was in the test phase. The main technologies that contributed to this reduction were dry cleaning of sugarcane, use of closed circuits, recovery of condensate, reuse of water and implementation of a water metering system.
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Consumo de água, Setor sucroenergético, Tecnologias industriais, Water consumption, Sugar-energy sector, Industrial technologies