Qualidade hematológica e microbiológica de concentrado de plaquetas obtidos de cães
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Data
2022-10-27
Autores
Souza, Adriana Aparecida Lopes de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso de hemocomponentes como alternativa ao sangue total nas transfusões sanguíneas, tem se constituído em procedimento valioso na hemoterapia veterinária, incluindo em cães com trombocitopenia, que se caracteriza como alteração hematológica frequente causada pela redução do número de plaquetas no sangue. Nos casos graves de trombocitopenia em cães (<30 mil plaquetas/mm³), recomenda-se a terapia transfusional com uso do hemocomponente concentrado de plaquetas (CP), produzido a partir da bolsa de sangue total por centrifugação e separação dos hemocomponentes. A bolsa de CP deve ser armazenada em temperatura ambiente (22 e 24ºC) por até cinco dias, cuja viabilidade é avaliada, na rotina hematológica, por inspeção visual da motilidade swirling, teor de pH, glicose, e contagem de hemácias, leucócitos e plaquetas. Neste cenário, o presente estudo investigou as características físicas, bioquímicas e microbiológicas em 14 bolsas de CP obtidas de cães. Todas as bolsas foram submetidas a avaliação de qualidade baseadas na inspeção visual (swirling), mensuração de peso e volume, teores de pH e glicose, contagem total de hemácias, leucócitos e plaquetas, além da hemocultura em condições de aerobiose e anaerobiose. Os micro-organismos isolados foram identificados em nível de espécie por espectrometria de massas. As bolsas foram mantidas por dez dias em temperatura ambiente (22-24oC) e as avaliações de qualidade realizadas em três momentos (M), a saber: no dia da coleta da bolsa (M1), no quinto (M2) e décimo dia (M3) de estocagem. Foi observada redução estatisticamente significante da motilidade swirling (4,79-0,07 p<0,01), peso das bolsas (66,7-61,1g p<0,02) e do volume (64,4-59,0 mL p<0,02), bem como decréscimo dos teores de pH (7,46 - 6,96) e glicose (2,71-2,5 mg/dL), e da contagem de plaquetas (190,7-142,9 plaquetas 103 células/μL) ao longo dos dez dias de estoque das bolsas. Em contraste, ao longo do período de estoque, ocorreu o aumento da contagem total de leucócitos (0,23-0,27 leucócitos 103 células/μL), enquanto a contagem de eritrócitos (0,028 - 0,024 eritrócitos 106 células/μL) manteve-se equivalente. Em uma (1/14=7,1%) bolsa foram isolados, em associação, Staphylococcus epidermidis e Micrococcus luteus nos momentos M2 e M3. Infere-se a redução significante da motilidade swirling, peso e volume das bolsas, bem como alterações da maioria dos parâmetros de qualidade hematológica avaliados nas bolsas ao longo dos dez dias de acompanhamento, incluindo o isolamento microbiano em uma das bolsas. Infere-se melhor viabilidade do CP em até cinco dias de estoque, em temperatura ambiente, bem como a necessidade de rigorosas práticas de biossegurança na produção deste hemocomponente, visando o uso na rotina da hemoterapia de cães trombocitopênicos.
The use of blood components as an alternative to whole blood in canine blood transfusions has become a valuable procedure in veterinary hemotherapy, including in dogs with thrombocytopenia, which is characterized as a frequent hematological abnormality caused by the reduction in the number of platelets. In severe cases of canine thrombocytopenia (<30,000 platelets/mm³), transfusion therapy is recommended using a platelet concentrated blood component (PC), produced from the bag of whole blood through centrifugation and separation of the blood compounds. The platelet concentrate bag should be stored at room temperature (22 and 24ºC) for up to five days. Its viability is evaluated in the hematological routine by visual inspection of swirling motility, pH and glucose levels, and leukocyte, red blood cell, and platelet counts. In this scenario, the present study investigated the physical, biochemical, and microbiological characteristics of 14 PC bags obtained from dogs. All bags used were submitted to a hematological quality assessment based on visual inspection (swirling), weight and volume measurement, pH and glucose levels, total erythrocyte, leukocyte, and platelet count, as well as microbiological culture under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The isolated microorganisms were identified at the species level by mass spectrometry. All bags were kept for ten days at room temperature (22-24oC) and quality parameters were evaluated in three moments (M), as follows: on the first day of bag collection (M1), on the fifth (M2), and tenth day (M3) of storage. A statistical decrease in swirling motility (4.79-0.07 p<0.01), weight (66.7-61.1 g p<0.02) and volume (64.4-59.0 mL p<0.02), as well as reduction of pH (7.46-6.96) and glucose (2.71- 2.5 mg/dL) levels, and blood platelets count (190.7-142.9 platelets 103 cells/μL) were observed in bags over the ten days of storage. In contrast, the total leukocyte counts increased (0.23-0.27 leukocytes 103 cells/μL), while erythrocytes count (0.028-0.024 erythrocytes 106 cells/μL) remains unremarkable. In one (1/14=7.1%) bag, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Micrococcus luteus were isolated associated in M2 and M3. Overall, a statistically significant reduction in swirling motility, weight and volume of bags was seen, as well as alterations of other hematological quality parameters studied in bags over ten days of storage, including microbial isolation in a bag. These findings highlighting the better viability of the PC until five days of storage at room temperature, and the need for rigorous biosafety practices in the production of this blood component, aiming the routine use in the hemotherapy of thrombocytopenic dogs.
The use of blood components as an alternative to whole blood in canine blood transfusions has become a valuable procedure in veterinary hemotherapy, including in dogs with thrombocytopenia, which is characterized as a frequent hematological abnormality caused by the reduction in the number of platelets. In severe cases of canine thrombocytopenia (<30,000 platelets/mm³), transfusion therapy is recommended using a platelet concentrated blood component (PC), produced from the bag of whole blood through centrifugation and separation of the blood compounds. The platelet concentrate bag should be stored at room temperature (22 and 24ºC) for up to five days. Its viability is evaluated in the hematological routine by visual inspection of swirling motility, pH and glucose levels, and leukocyte, red blood cell, and platelet counts. In this scenario, the present study investigated the physical, biochemical, and microbiological characteristics of 14 PC bags obtained from dogs. All bags used were submitted to a hematological quality assessment based on visual inspection (swirling), weight and volume measurement, pH and glucose levels, total erythrocyte, leukocyte, and platelet count, as well as microbiological culture under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The isolated microorganisms were identified at the species level by mass spectrometry. All bags were kept for ten days at room temperature (22-24oC) and quality parameters were evaluated in three moments (M), as follows: on the first day of bag collection (M1), on the fifth (M2), and tenth day (M3) of storage. A statistical decrease in swirling motility (4.79-0.07 p<0.01), weight (66.7-61.1 g p<0.02) and volume (64.4-59.0 mL p<0.02), as well as reduction of pH (7.46-6.96) and glucose (2.71- 2.5 mg/dL) levels, and blood platelets count (190.7-142.9 platelets 103 cells/μL) were observed in bags over the ten days of storage. In contrast, the total leukocyte counts increased (0.23-0.27 leukocytes 103 cells/μL), while erythrocytes count (0.028-0.024 erythrocytes 106 cells/μL) remains unremarkable. In one (1/14=7.1%) bag, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Micrococcus luteus were isolated associated in M2 and M3. Overall, a statistically significant reduction in swirling motility, weight and volume of bags was seen, as well as alterations of other hematological quality parameters studied in bags over ten days of storage, including microbial isolation in a bag. These findings highlighting the better viability of the PC until five days of storage at room temperature, and the need for rigorous biosafety practices in the production of this blood component, aiming the routine use in the hemotherapy of thrombocytopenic dogs.
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Palavras-chave
Hemoterapia em cães, Bolsas de plaquetas em cães, Hemocomponentes, Motilidade swirling, Maldi-tof ms., Canine hemotherapy, Canine bags of platelet, Hemocompounds, Wirling motility, Maldi-tof ms