Os registros de três cirurgiões sobre o tratamento dos corpos enfermos nas Minas Setecentistas
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Data
2022-11-16
Autores
Gomes, Gislane dos Santos
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Distante do litoral, constituída por uma sociedade de população e atividades pujantes e plurais, as Minas Gerais Setecentistas foi solo fértil para uma série de doenças. Com poucos médicos para atender à crescente demanda da população, que com frequência se queixava ao reino sobre as dificuldades que passavam para tratar seus corpos, vários outros agentes de cura procuraram tratá-los, como sangradores, barbeiros, cirurgiões e os poucos doutores. Entre os que se dedicaram a perceber e tratar os males do corpo, salta aos olhos os registros da atividade de três cirurgiões que, a partir de sua experiência, organizaram e publicaram verdadeiros manuais de medicina: o Erário Mineral (1735), Relação Cirúrgica e medica (1747) e Governo de Mineiros (1770). Elaborados, grosso modo, a fim de instruir os colonos a tratarem a si, aos seus próximos e a seus escravos, esses livros apresentam as diversas moléstias que atingiam as povoações mineiras, especificando os sintomas e as melhores receitas para a cura das doenças. Considerando esse cenário e esses documentos, o objetivo da presente pesquisa está em pensar como o cuidado com a saúde foi pensado e levado a cabo por esses cirurgiões que atuaram nas Minas, investigando quais eram as doenças que afligiam os corpos dos mineiros, e quais foram os tratamentos e os recursos utilizados por esses homens que escreveram os primeiros manuais de medicina prática do Brasil e que forjaram uma maneira particular de pensar, descrever e tratar os males dos mineiros.
Far from the coast, constituted by a society of population and thriving and plural activities, Minas Gerais in the 18th century was fertile ground for a series of diseases. With few doctors to meet the growing demand of the population, who often complained to the kingdom of the difficulties they went through to treat their bodies, various other healing agents sought to treat them, like bleeders, barbers, surgeons and a few doctors. Among those who have dedicated themselves to perceiving and treating the ills of the body, highlights the activity records of three surgeons who, based on their experience, organized and published true manuals of medicine: the Erário Mineral (1735), Relação cirúrgica e médica ( 1747) e o Governo de Mineiros (1770). Elaborated, roughly, to insctruct the settlers to treat themselves, their neighbors and their slaves, these books present the different diseases that affected the mining towns, specifying the symptoms and the best recipes for curing the diseases. Considering this scenario and these documents, the objective of the present research is to think about how health care was thought and carried out by these surgeons who worked in Minas, investigating what were the diseases that afflicted the bodies of the miners, and what were the treatments and the resources used by these men who wrote the first manuals of practical medicine in Brazil and who forged a particular way of thinking, describing and treating the ailments of miners.
Far from the coast, constituted by a society of population and thriving and plural activities, Minas Gerais in the 18th century was fertile ground for a series of diseases. With few doctors to meet the growing demand of the population, who often complained to the kingdom of the difficulties they went through to treat their bodies, various other healing agents sought to treat them, like bleeders, barbers, surgeons and a few doctors. Among those who have dedicated themselves to perceiving and treating the ills of the body, highlights the activity records of three surgeons who, based on their experience, organized and published true manuals of medicine: the Erário Mineral (1735), Relação cirúrgica e médica ( 1747) e o Governo de Mineiros (1770). Elaborated, roughly, to insctruct the settlers to treat themselves, their neighbors and their slaves, these books present the different diseases that affected the mining towns, specifying the symptoms and the best recipes for curing the diseases. Considering this scenario and these documents, the objective of the present research is to think about how health care was thought and carried out by these surgeons who worked in Minas, investigating what were the diseases that afflicted the bodies of the miners, and what were the treatments and the resources used by these men who wrote the first manuals of practical medicine in Brazil and who forged a particular way of thinking, describing and treating the ailments of miners.
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Palavras-chave
Doenças, Cura, Cirurgião, Minas colonial, Manuais médicos cirúrgicos, Diseases, Cure, Surgeons, Colonial Minas Gerais, Surgical medical manuals