Percepção de desconforto e dificuldade na mobilidade de usuários de cadeira de rodas
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Data
2022-12-20
Autores
Hussein, Soraya Mohamad
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Atualmente no Brasil mais de 7% da população apresenta algum tipo de deficiência motora, sendo inúmeras as causas do acometimento, desde acidentes até o declínio natural das funções motoras devido ao envelhecimento. Para suprir algumas necessidades de mobilidade existe a tecnologia assistiva, a qual proporciona suporte para o desempenho para a mobilidade por meio de equipamentos como a cadeira de rodas. Entretanto, embora contribua para a independência do usuário, ainda existem problemas ergonômicos relacionados ao desempenho na mobilidade em diferentes contextos e o desconforto com o uso prolongado da cadeira de rodas. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o desconforto e a dificuldade no desempenho de atividades de mobilidade de usuários de cadeira de rodas. Para isto, foram realizadas entrevistas com pessoas que utilizam a cadeira de rodas como principal meio de mobilidade diária, as quais indicaram em um mapa corporal as regiões que sentiam desconforto; e responderam um questionário sobre o nível de dificuldades na execução de diversas atividades de mobilidade dentro e fora de casa. O estudo encontrou níveis elevados de dificuldade na realização de tarefas de mobilidade em diferentes contextos, com maior intensidade nas atividades fora de casa, principalmente: a atividade de subir escada longa que obteve o maior nível de dificuldade entre os participantes, com média de 9,57 (DP 1,50), as atividades de subida e descida de escadas – tanto longas quanto curtas – estão entre as mais desafiadoras na mobilidade dos usuários, na medida em que as médias são próximas ao valor máximo. Similarmente, a mobilidade sobre terreno de areia 9,09 (DP 0,95) com grande nível de dificuldade apontado pelos usuários. Ainda, identificou áreas de desconforto relacionadas ao uso prolongado do equipamento, com maior concentração nas regiões do punho, tornozelo e glúteos na maioria dos infográficos. De acordo com os resultados levantados da pesquisa conclui-se que ainda existem limitações em diferentes cadeiras de rodas quanto aos seus aspectos ergonômicos, e em relação aos espaços de convívio do cadeirante.
Currently in Brazil more than 7% of the population has some type of motor impairment, and numerous causes of the involvement, from accidents to the natural decline of motor functions due to aging. To meet some mobility needs there is assistive technology, which provides support for performance for mobility through equipment such as the wheelchair. However, although it contributes to the user's independence, there are still ergonomic problems related to mobility performance in different contexts and discomfort with prolonged use of the wheelchair. This study aims to evaluate the discomfort and difficulty in performing mobility activities of wheelchair users . For this, interviews were conducted with people who use the wheelchair as the main means of daily mobility, which indicated in a body map the regions that felt di scomfort; and answered a questionnaire on the level of difficulties in performing various mobility activities inside and outside the home . The study found high levels of difficulty in performing mobility tasks in different contexts, with greater intensity in activities outside the home, especially: the activity of climbing long stairs that obtained the highest level of difficulty among participants, with an average of 9.57 (SD 1.50), the activities of ascent and descent of stairs . both long and short are among the most challenging in the mobility of users, as the averages are close to the maximum value Similarly, mobility on sand terrain 9.09 (SD 0.95) with a high level of difficulty pointed out by users. It also identified areas of discomfort related t o prolonged use of the equipment, with higher concentration in the wrist, ankle and gluteal regions in most infographics. According to the results surveyed, it is concluded that there are still limitations in different wheelchairs regarding their ergonomic aspects, and in relation to the spaces of conviviality of the wheelchair
Currently in Brazil more than 7% of the population has some type of motor impairment, and numerous causes of the involvement, from accidents to the natural decline of motor functions due to aging. To meet some mobility needs there is assistive technology, which provides support for performance for mobility through equipment such as the wheelchair. However, although it contributes to the user's independence, there are still ergonomic problems related to mobility performance in different contexts and discomfort with prolonged use of the wheelchair. This study aims to evaluate the discomfort and difficulty in performing mobility activities of wheelchair users . For this, interviews were conducted with people who use the wheelchair as the main means of daily mobility, which indicated in a body map the regions that felt di scomfort; and answered a questionnaire on the level of difficulties in performing various mobility activities inside and outside the home . The study found high levels of difficulty in performing mobility tasks in different contexts, with greater intensity in activities outside the home, especially: the activity of climbing long stairs that obtained the highest level of difficulty among participants, with an average of 9.57 (SD 1.50), the activities of ascent and descent of stairs . both long and short are among the most challenging in the mobility of users, as the averages are close to the maximum value Similarly, mobility on sand terrain 9.09 (SD 0.95) with a high level of difficulty pointed out by users. It also identified areas of discomfort related t o prolonged use of the equipment, with higher concentration in the wrist, ankle and gluteal regions in most infographics. According to the results surveyed, it is concluded that there are still limitations in different wheelchairs regarding their ergonomic aspects, and in relation to the spaces of conviviality of the wheelchair
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Palavras-chave
, Equipamentos assistivos, Mobilidade, Desconforto, Cadeira de rodas, , Assistive equipment, Mobility, Discomfort, Wheelchair