Avaliação do sistema EletroVortex na deposição e deriva física em aplicação de fungicida na cultura do algodão
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Data
2023-04-10
Autores
Mertens, Tatiane Beatriz
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito do sistema EletroVortex (combinação da assistência de ar juntamente com o carregamento eletrostático no sistema de pulverização), acoplado a um pulverizador autopropelido Uniport 3030, na deriva física e na deposição em folhas da cultura, na aplicação de fungicida na cultura do algodão. O ensaio foi realizado na Fazenda Itamarati, pertencente ao Grupo Amaggi, no município de Campo Novo do Parecis - MT. As aplicações foram realizadas na cultura do algodão cultivar Fiber Max FM 906GLT de ciclo precoce aos 99 DAE (dias após a emergência). Foram considerados dois tratamentos (sistema EletroVortex desligado e ligado) e os ensaios foram realizados com seis repetições, sempre com velocidade de deslocamento do pulverizador de 22 km h-1 e taxa de aplicação de 60 L ha-1. O primeiro ensaio foi realizado para a coleta dos dados de deposição e o segundo para a coleta da deriva. Ambos foram instalados no mesmo talhão sobre a mesma cultura. Em todas as aplicações a calda foi composta pelo fungicida Fox Xpro® (SC) na dose de 0,5 L ha-1 e pelo corante alimentício Azul Brilhante FCF – INS 133 na concentração de 6 g L-1. As coletas de deriva e deposição foram realizadas em parcelas diferentes (dois ensaios) visando as melhores condições possíveis para a implementação das metodologias analíticas. O ensaio de recuperação da calda nas folhas da cultura foi realizado com o intuito de comparar o sistema EletroVortex com o sistema de pulverização convencional (sistema EletroVortex desligado) em relação ao desempenho quanto a deposição na cultura. A quantidade de prothioconazol recuperada em cada tratamento foi calculada inicialmente com base na área foliar (massa do ingrediente ativo por cm² nas folhas), seguindo-se de uma estimativa de recuperação por hectare (massa de ativo por hectare), através da ponderação da quantidade de ativo recuperado pela área foliar de cada extrato das plantas (superior, médio e inferior). Os resultados mostraram que a recuperação de calda nas plantas foi maior com o sistema Eletrovortex ligado, obtendo-se maior deposição unitária (massa de ativo por área de folha) em todos os estratos das plantas e maior quantidade de ativo recuperado por hectare. No que se refere à distribuição da calda entre as partes das plantas, o uso do sistema EletroVortex ligado proporcionou uma significativa redistribuição entre os estratos, com um grande aumento da recuperação de calda no terço médio das plantas. Para a análise dos resultados do ensaio de deriva as parcelas foram separadas em dois grupos de três repetições. O primeiro correspondeu a aplicações onde a velocidade do vento era menor do que 6 km h-1 e o segundo grupo foi com parcelas onde a velocidade do vento estava acima de 8 km h-1. Esta separação foi realizada para que se pudesse avaliar a eficácia do sistema EletroVortex no controle da deriva em situações com maior e menor intensidade do vento. Os resultados mostraram que o efeito de redução de deriva proporcionado pelo sistema EletroVortex foi mais evidente com o aumento da velocidade média do vento durante as aplicações. Na situação com maior velocidade média de vento (média das parcelas de 8,5 km h-1) o sistema reduziu significativamente a deriva na comparação direta com as parcelas onde a velocidade média do vento era menor (5,9 km h-1).
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the EletroVortex system (combination of air assistance together with electrostatic charging in the spraying system), coupled to a Uniport 3030 self-propelled sprayer, on physical drift and deposition on leaves of the crop in the application of fungicide in cotton crop. The trial was carried out at Fazenda Itamarati, belonging to the Amaggi Group, in the municipality of Campo Novo do Parecis - MT. The applications were carried out in the cotton crop, cultivar Fiber Max FM 906GLT, with an early cycle at 99 DAE (days after emergence). Two treatments were considered (EletroVortex system off and on) and the trials were performed with six repetitions, always with a sprayer displacement speed of 22 km h-1 and an application rate of 60 L ha-1. The first test was carried out to collect deposition data and the second to collect drift. Both were installed in the same plot over the same crop. In all applications, the mixture was composed of the fungicide Fox Xpro® (SC) at a rate of 0.5 L ha-1 and the food coloring Azul Brilhante FCF – INS 133 at a concentration of 6 g L-1. Drift and deposition collections were carried out in different plots (two trials) aiming at the best possible conditions for the implementation of analytical methodologies. The spray recovery test on the leaves of the crop was carried out with the aim of comparing the EletroVortex system with the conventional spraying system (EletroVortex system turned off) in relation to performance regarding deposition on the crop. The amount of prothioconazole recovered in each treatment was initially calculated based on the leaf area (mass of active ingredient per cm² on the leaves), followed by an estimate of recovery per hectare (mass of active ingredient per hectare), by weighting the amount of active recovered by the leaf area of each plant extract (upper, middle and lower). The results showed that the recovery of syrup in the plants was greater with the Eletrovortex system turned on, obtaining a higher unit deposition (mass of active per leaf area) in all strata of the plants and a greater amount of active recovered per hectare. With regard to the distribution of the spray mixture among the parts of the plants, the use of the connected EletroVortex system provided a significant redistribution between the strata, with a large increase in the recovery of the spray mixture in the middle third of the plants. For the analysis of the results of the drift test, the plots were separated into two groups of three repetitions. The first corresponded to applications where the wind speed was less than 6 km h-1 and the second group was with plots where the wind speed was above 8 km h-1. This separation was carried out in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the EletroVortex system in controlling drift in situations with greater and lesser wind intensity. The results showed that the drift reduction effect provided by the EletroVortex system was more evident with the increase in the average wind speed during the applications. In the situation with the highest average wind speed (average of the plots of 8.5 km h-1) the system significantly reduced the drift in direct comparison with the plots where the average wind speed was lower (5.9 km h-1).
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the EletroVortex system (combination of air assistance together with electrostatic charging in the spraying system), coupled to a Uniport 3030 self-propelled sprayer, on physical drift and deposition on leaves of the crop in the application of fungicide in cotton crop. The trial was carried out at Fazenda Itamarati, belonging to the Amaggi Group, in the municipality of Campo Novo do Parecis - MT. The applications were carried out in the cotton crop, cultivar Fiber Max FM 906GLT, with an early cycle at 99 DAE (days after emergence). Two treatments were considered (EletroVortex system off and on) and the trials were performed with six repetitions, always with a sprayer displacement speed of 22 km h-1 and an application rate of 60 L ha-1. The first test was carried out to collect deposition data and the second to collect drift. Both were installed in the same plot over the same crop. In all applications, the mixture was composed of the fungicide Fox Xpro® (SC) at a rate of 0.5 L ha-1 and the food coloring Azul Brilhante FCF – INS 133 at a concentration of 6 g L-1. Drift and deposition collections were carried out in different plots (two trials) aiming at the best possible conditions for the implementation of analytical methodologies. The spray recovery test on the leaves of the crop was carried out with the aim of comparing the EletroVortex system with the conventional spraying system (EletroVortex system turned off) in relation to performance regarding deposition on the crop. The amount of prothioconazole recovered in each treatment was initially calculated based on the leaf area (mass of active ingredient per cm² on the leaves), followed by an estimate of recovery per hectare (mass of active ingredient per hectare), by weighting the amount of active recovered by the leaf area of each plant extract (upper, middle and lower). The results showed that the recovery of syrup in the plants was greater with the Eletrovortex system turned on, obtaining a higher unit deposition (mass of active per leaf area) in all strata of the plants and a greater amount of active recovered per hectare. With regard to the distribution of the spray mixture among the parts of the plants, the use of the connected EletroVortex system provided a significant redistribution between the strata, with a large increase in the recovery of the spray mixture in the middle third of the plants. For the analysis of the results of the drift test, the plots were separated into two groups of three repetitions. The first corresponded to applications where the wind speed was less than 6 km h-1 and the second group was with plots where the wind speed was above 8 km h-1. This separation was carried out in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the EletroVortex system in controlling drift in situations with greater and lesser wind intensity. The results showed that the drift reduction effect provided by the EletroVortex system was more evident with the increase in the average wind speed during the applications. In the situation with the highest average wind speed (average of the plots of 8.5 km h-1) the system significantly reduced the drift in direct comparison with the plots where the average wind speed was lower (5.9 km h-1).
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Palavras-chave
tecnologia de aplicação, pulverização eletrostática, assistência de ar, gotas eletrificadas, application technology, electrostatic spraying, air assistance, electrified drops