Ácido salicílico e revestimento comestível no tratamento pré e pós-colheita de tomate cultivado em estufa
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Data
2023-03-02
Autores
Freitas Junior, Francisco Gilvan Borges Ferreira
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Uma das alternativas que garante a qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de tomate é a aplicação exógena de reguladores vegetais associados a outro tipo de tecnologia, como a atmosfera modificada passiva. Objetivou-se verificar a ação de concentrações de ácido salicílico (AS) como regulador vegetal em pré-colheita de tomateiro e sua posterior ação, associado à fécula de mandioca como revestimento, na manutenção da qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos armazenados. O delineamento experimental pré colheita foi em blocos casualizados com oito repetições, sendo aplicadas três concentrações de AS (0, 1 e 2 mmol.L-1 ). No período pós-colheita, o delineamento foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4x3 e à uma parte dos tomates colhidos foi aplicado revestimento à base de fécula de mandioca na concentração de 3,5%. Foram avaliadas as trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila a das plantas, bem como a capacidade antioxidante e qualidade físico-química dos frutos. Os dados de Fv/Fm não indicaram estresse das plantas pelas concentrações aplicadas. Dados como sólidos solúveis e firmeza, sugerem que as concentrações de AS junto ao revestimento, não foram suficientes para retardar o amadurecimento dos frutos. As concentrações de AS aplicadas em pré-colheita de tomate não influenciaram na maioria das variáveis de estudo da fotossíntese. As doses contendo AS, possibilitaram baixa atuação dos compostos e enzimas antioxidantes, além de não ter influenciado nas características qualitativas do tomate.
One of the alternatives that guarantee the postharvest quality of tomato fruits is the exogenous application of plant regulators associated with another type of technology, such as passive modified atmosphere. The objective was to verify the action of salicylic acid (SA) concentrations as a plant regulator in tomato pre-harvest and its subsequent action, associated with cassava starch as coating, in maintaining the post-harvest quality of stored fruits. The pre-harvest experimental design was in randomized blocks with eight replications, with three concentrations of SA (0, 1 and 2 mmol.L-1) applied. In the post-harvest period, the design was in randomized blocks in a 4x3 factorial scheme and part of the harvested tomatoes was coated with cassava starch at a concentration of 3.5%. The gas exchange and fluorescence of chlorophyll a of the plants, as well as the antioxidant capacity and physical-chemical quality of the fruits were evaluated. The Fv/Fm data did not indicate plant stress due to the applied concentrations. Data such as soluble solids and firmness suggest that SA concentrations near the coating were not sufficient to delay fruit ripening. The concentrations of SA applied in tomato pre-harvest did not influence most of the photosynthesis study variables. Doses containing SA allowed low performance of antioxidant compounds and enzymes, in addition to not having influenced the qualitative characteristics of tomatoes.
One of the alternatives that guarantee the postharvest quality of tomato fruits is the exogenous application of plant regulators associated with another type of technology, such as passive modified atmosphere. The objective was to verify the action of salicylic acid (SA) concentrations as a plant regulator in tomato pre-harvest and its subsequent action, associated with cassava starch as coating, in maintaining the post-harvest quality of stored fruits. The pre-harvest experimental design was in randomized blocks with eight replications, with three concentrations of SA (0, 1 and 2 mmol.L-1) applied. In the post-harvest period, the design was in randomized blocks in a 4x3 factorial scheme and part of the harvested tomatoes was coated with cassava starch at a concentration of 3.5%. The gas exchange and fluorescence of chlorophyll a of the plants, as well as the antioxidant capacity and physical-chemical quality of the fruits were evaluated. The Fv/Fm data did not indicate plant stress due to the applied concentrations. Data such as soluble solids and firmness suggest that SA concentrations near the coating were not sufficient to delay fruit ripening. The concentrations of SA applied in tomato pre-harvest did not influence most of the photosynthesis study variables. Doses containing SA allowed low performance of antioxidant compounds and enzymes, in addition to not having influenced the qualitative characteristics of tomatoes.
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Palavras-chave
atmosfera modificada, elicitor, regulador vegetal, Solanum Lycopersicum L., elicitor, modified atmosphere, plant growth regulator, Solanum lycopersicum L