Do protagonismo dramático ao aperfeiçoamento profissional e pessoal de equipe de saúde em serviço de urgência na pandemia COVID-19
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Data
2023-05-03
Autores
Zanferrari, Natalia Martins
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivos: compreender a experiência interacional da equipe (médicos, enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem) de unidade de urgência com a pandemia COVID-19; elaborar modelo teórico dessa experiência. Método: investigação qualitativa com saturação teórica, obtida a partir da análise da 15ª entrevista não-diretiva e individual, segundo o referencial metodológico Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, com membros da equipe de saúde de Pronto Socorro, em uma cidade do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A experiência e o modelo teórico emersos do processo analítico foram interpretados à luz do Interacionismo Simbólico e referem-se à fase inicial da pandemia COVID-19, de julho a agosto de 2020. Resultados: a experiência desdobra-se em três subprocessos: considerando-se, no início da pandemia, protagonista de um drama (A); buscando estratégias de enfrentamento da pandemia (B); transformando-se enquanto profissional e pessoa (C). Mediante o realinhamento dos componentes pertencentes a esses subprocessos, descobre-se a categoria central que os abarcou, constituindo o processo da experiência (modelo teórico) denominado: do protagonismo dramático ao aperfeiçoamento profissional e pessoal de equipe profissional de serviço de urgência na pandemia COVID-19. Considerações finais: os objetivos foram alcançados e o modelo teórico sinalizou a equipe reconhecendo-se em riscos ocupacionais, na interface com o vírus SARS-CoV-2. Evento interacional que a despertou para a concretude de patógenos no serviço da Rede de Urgência e Emergência, convencendo-a a adotar rotineiramente precauções padrão no serviço, mesmo finalizada a pandemia. Assim como, o modelo presume a redução desses riscos na equipe, dependente da continuidade de processo educacional para recursos informacionais, associado ao provimento de recursos materiais, humanos para precauções padrão e de apoio psicossocial. Uma vez, simbolicamente, sensibilizada como protagonista de um drama, essa equipe configurou seu self para o uso obrigatório das precauções padrão, como uma das armas para sua proteção e, portanto, em termos de processo de trabalho sensibilizada para a mudança de cultura de segurança em serviço tardiamente, na linha de frente da pandemia COVID-19.
Objectives: to understand the interactional experience of the team of an emergency unit (physicians, nurses, and nursing technicians) with the COVID-19 pandemic; to elaborate a theoretical model of this experience. Method: qualitative investigation with theoretical saturation, obtained from the analysis of the 15th non-directive and individual interview, according to the Grounded Theory methodological framework, with members of the emergency room health team, in a city of São Paulo State, Brazil. The experience and theoretical model emerged from the analytical process were interpreted in the light of Symbolic Interactionism and refer to the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, from July to August 2020. Results: the experience unfolds into three sub-processes: considering if, at the beginning of the pandemic, the protagonist of a drama (A); seeking strategies to face the pandemic (B); transforming itself as a professional and a person (C). Through the realignment of the components belonging to these sub-processes, the core category that encompassed them is discovered, constituting the process of experience (theoretical model) called: from dramatic protagonism to professional and personal improvement of the professional team of emergency service in the COVID-19 pandemic. Final considerations: the aims were achieved and the theoretical model signaled the team recognizing itself in occupational risks, in the interface with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. An interactional event that awakened her to the reality of pathogens in the Urgency and Emergency Network service, convincing itself to routinely adopt standard precautions in the service, even after the pandemic was over. Likewise, the model assumes the reduction of these risks in the team, dependent on the continuity of the educational process for informational resources, associated with the provision of material and human resources for standard precautions and psychosocial support. Once, symbolically, sensitized as the protagonist of a drama, this team configured itself to the obligatory use of standard precautions, as one of the weapons for its protection. Therefore, in terms of the work process, sensitized to the change in safety culture into service late, on the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objectives: to understand the interactional experience of the team of an emergency unit (physicians, nurses, and nursing technicians) with the COVID-19 pandemic; to elaborate a theoretical model of this experience. Method: qualitative investigation with theoretical saturation, obtained from the analysis of the 15th non-directive and individual interview, according to the Grounded Theory methodological framework, with members of the emergency room health team, in a city of São Paulo State, Brazil. The experience and theoretical model emerged from the analytical process were interpreted in the light of Symbolic Interactionism and refer to the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, from July to August 2020. Results: the experience unfolds into three sub-processes: considering if, at the beginning of the pandemic, the protagonist of a drama (A); seeking strategies to face the pandemic (B); transforming itself as a professional and a person (C). Through the realignment of the components belonging to these sub-processes, the core category that encompassed them is discovered, constituting the process of experience (theoretical model) called: from dramatic protagonism to professional and personal improvement of the professional team of emergency service in the COVID-19 pandemic. Final considerations: the aims were achieved and the theoretical model signaled the team recognizing itself in occupational risks, in the interface with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. An interactional event that awakened her to the reality of pathogens in the Urgency and Emergency Network service, convincing itself to routinely adopt standard precautions in the service, even after the pandemic was over. Likewise, the model assumes the reduction of these risks in the team, dependent on the continuity of the educational process for informational resources, associated with the provision of material and human resources for standard precautions and psychosocial support. Once, symbolically, sensitized as the protagonist of a drama, this team configured itself to the obligatory use of standard precautions, as one of the weapons for its protection. Therefore, in terms of the work process, sensitized to the change in safety culture into service late, on the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Palavras-chave
Serviço hospitalar de emergência, Necessidades e demandas de serviços de saúde, Infecções por coronavírus, Pesquisa qualitativa, Emergências médicas