O perfil dos alunos evadidos dos cursos de graduação da Faculdade de Ciências – Câmpus de Bauru – Unesp e as possíveis contribuições para políticas voltadas ao enfrentamento desse problema na educação superior pública
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Data
2023-03-30
Autores
Hashimoto, Marcelo Setsuo
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A evasão estudantil na educação superior é um fenômeno complexo, que vem afetando as Instituições de Ensino, tanto públicas como privadas, constituindo-se em foco de preocupação para pesquisadores das diferentes áreas do saber, especialmente, da Educação. As características da evasão ainda são pouco conhecidas, existindo uma carência de informações mais consistentes sobre as razões da evasão na vida do estudante. Dessa forma, o presente estudo visa favorecer um diagnóstico mais preciso sobre esse fenômeno, a partir de um projeto piloto na Faculdade de Ciências (FC), uma das maiores unidades da Unesp, que agrega as três áreas do conhecimento (ciências exatas, biológicas e humanas). Este estudo permeia uma rede de conhecimentos interdisciplinares gerados a partir do relacionamento de dados de três sistemas de gestão acadêmica da Unesp: 1) o questionário socioeconômico da VUNESP, 2) o Sistema de Graduação da Unesp - Sisgrad e 3) o questionário online para coleta, por meio de respostas voluntárias, das causas de evasão da Unesp. Esses dados, após aplicação do método de análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (1977), nortearão a nossa investigação na busca pelos motivos da evasão, os quais serão classificados em fatores internos, externos e pessoais. A partir disso, pretenderemos responder às seguintes questões: A evasão tem alguma relação com a escolha do curso e/ou da Unesp como primeira opção de ingresso? Há correlação entre as variáveis dos estudantes evadidos que entram pelo sistema de cotas e pelo sistema universal? Há diferenças entre os evadidos, se considerarmos algumas questões relacionadas ao perfil socioeconômico? Há diferenças para as áreas de exatas, biológicas e humanas? E entre os cursos? Os motivos apontados para evasão favorecem o planejamento de ações preventivas? Os dados presentes nos sistemas de gestão acadêmica oferecem elementos para o planejamento de ações para o enfrentamento da evasão? A partir destes questionamentos, temos como objetivo de pesquisa traçar o perfil dos alunos evadidos dos cursos de graduação da FC, que ingressaram no período compreendido entre 2014 e 2020. Permitirá também o planejamento de ações concretas de apoio ao estudante e à instituição, visando a prevenção do fenômeno da evasão escolar nos cursos da FC, bem como, fomentar subsídios para novos estudos.
Student dropout in higher education is a complex phenomenon, which has been affecting Teaching Institutions, both public and private, becoming a focus of concern for researchers from different areas of knowledge, especially Education. The characteristics of evasion are still little known, and there is a lack of more consistent information about the reasons of evasion in the student's life. Thus, the present study aims to favor a more accurate diagnosis of this phenomenon, based on a pilot project at the Faculty of Sciences (FC), one of the largest units of Unesp, which brings together the three areas of knowledge (exact sciences, biological sciences and human). This study permeates a network of interdisciplinary knowledge generated from the relationship of data from three Unesp academic management systems: 1) the VUNESP socioeconomic questionnaire, 2) the Unesp Graduation System - Sisgrad and 3) the online questionnaire for data collection, through voluntary responses, of the causes of evasion from Unesp. These data, after application of the content analysis method proposed by Bardin (1977), will guide our investigation in the search for the reasons for evasion, which will be classified into internal, external and personal factors. Based on this, we intend to answer the following questions: Does evasion have any relationship with the choice of course and/or Unesp as the first option for admission? Is there a correlation between the variables of dropout students who enter the quota system and the universal system? Are there differences between dropouts, if we consider some issues related to socioeconomic profile? Are there differences for the exact, biological and human areas? And between courses? Do the reasons given for evasion favor the planning of preventive actions? Do the data present in academic management systems offer elements for planning actions to face dropout? Based on these questions, our research objective is to outline the profile of students who dropped out of FC undergraduate courses, who entered the period between 2014 and 2020. It will also allow for the planning of concrete actions to support the student and the institution, aiming at prevention of the phenomenon of truancy in FC courses, as well as encouraging subsidies for new studies.
Student dropout in higher education is a complex phenomenon, which has been affecting Teaching Institutions, both public and private, becoming a focus of concern for researchers from different areas of knowledge, especially Education. The characteristics of evasion are still little known, and there is a lack of more consistent information about the reasons of evasion in the student's life. Thus, the present study aims to favor a more accurate diagnosis of this phenomenon, based on a pilot project at the Faculty of Sciences (FC), one of the largest units of Unesp, which brings together the three areas of knowledge (exact sciences, biological sciences and human). This study permeates a network of interdisciplinary knowledge generated from the relationship of data from three Unesp academic management systems: 1) the VUNESP socioeconomic questionnaire, 2) the Unesp Graduation System - Sisgrad and 3) the online questionnaire for data collection, through voluntary responses, of the causes of evasion from Unesp. These data, after application of the content analysis method proposed by Bardin (1977), will guide our investigation in the search for the reasons for evasion, which will be classified into internal, external and personal factors. Based on this, we intend to answer the following questions: Does evasion have any relationship with the choice of course and/or Unesp as the first option for admission? Is there a correlation between the variables of dropout students who enter the quota system and the universal system? Are there differences between dropouts, if we consider some issues related to socioeconomic profile? Are there differences for the exact, biological and human areas? And between courses? Do the reasons given for evasion favor the planning of preventive actions? Do the data present in academic management systems offer elements for planning actions to face dropout? Based on these questions, our research objective is to outline the profile of students who dropped out of FC undergraduate courses, who entered the period between 2014 and 2020. It will also allow for the planning of concrete actions to support the student and the institution, aiming at prevention of the phenomenon of truancy in FC courses, as well as encouraging subsidies for new studies.
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Palavras-chave
Evasão Estudantil, Desistência, Educação Superior, Student Dropout, Dropout, Higher Education