Produtividade do arroz de terras altas em função do manejo do solo e da época de aplicação de nitrogênio
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Data
2011-03-01
Autores
Nascente, Adriano Stephan
Kluthcouski, João
Rabelo, Raimundo Ricardo
Oliveira, Priscila de
Cobucci, Tarcísio
Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos/UFG
Resumo
O manejo adequado do solo e a identificação da época de aplicação de N podem aumentar, significativamente, a produtividade do arroz de terras altas. Neste contexto, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a interação do manejo do solo com a época de aplicação de nitrogênio, no desenvolvimento e produtividade da cultura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5x2, sendo 5 tipos de manejo do solo (arado de aiveca e grade niveladora; grade aradora e grade niveladora; escarificador tipo matabroto; SPD; e Aeromix - equipamento de escarificação superficial) e duas épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio (todo N na base, sendo 45 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio aplicados com adubadora de tração mecânica, 1 dia antes da semeadura do arroz, + 45 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio aplicados no ato da semeadura; e 45 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio aplicados no ato da semeadura + 45 kg ha-1 aplicados no início do perfilhamento das plantas), com 4 repetições. Não houve interação dos fatores, para a variável estande final de plantas. Nos tratamentos onde houve revolvimento de solo com arado de aiveca e grade, observou-se maior produtividade quando o nitrogênio foi parcelado. Quando o nitrogênio foi aplicado todo no plantio, o tratamento com escarificador tipo matabroto apresentou a maior produtividade, diferindo de todos os outros tratamentos. O plantio convencional (aiveca ou grade) apresentou produtividade semelhante ao SPD, quando se aplicou o N todo no plantio.
Proper soil management and N application time can significantly increase upland rice yield. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between soil management and nitrogen application time on upland rice development and yield. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5x2 factorial scheme, consisting of five soil management systems (moldboard plow and leveling disc harrow; harrow plow and leveling disc harrow; matabroto-type scarifier; no-tillage; and Aeromix - superficial scarification equipment) and two N application times (all N in the base, being 45 kg ha-1 of N applied with the aid of a mechanical traction fertilizer machine, 1 day before rice sowing, + 45 kg ha-1 of N at sowing; and 45 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 45 kg ha-1 at the beginning of plant tillering), with 4 repetitions. There was no interaction among factors, concerning final plants stand. For treatments where the soil was plowed by using moldboard plow and disk harrow, yield was higher when the nitrogen was parceled out. When nitrogen was all applied during the planting time, the treatment with the matabroto-type scarifier presented the highest yield, differing statistically from all the other treatments. Conventional tillage yield (moldboard plow or disk harrow) was similar to no-tillage, when all N was applied during the planting time.
Proper soil management and N application time can significantly increase upland rice yield. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between soil management and nitrogen application time on upland rice development and yield. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5x2 factorial scheme, consisting of five soil management systems (moldboard plow and leveling disc harrow; harrow plow and leveling disc harrow; matabroto-type scarifier; no-tillage; and Aeromix - superficial scarification equipment) and two N application times (all N in the base, being 45 kg ha-1 of N applied with the aid of a mechanical traction fertilizer machine, 1 day before rice sowing, + 45 kg ha-1 of N at sowing; and 45 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 45 kg ha-1 at the beginning of plant tillering), with 4 repetitions. There was no interaction among factors, concerning final plants stand. For treatments where the soil was plowed by using moldboard plow and disk harrow, yield was higher when the nitrogen was parceled out. When nitrogen was all applied during the planting time, the treatment with the matabroto-type scarifier presented the highest yield, differing statistically from all the other treatments. Conventional tillage yield (moldboard plow or disk harrow) was similar to no-tillage, when all N was applied during the planting time.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Oryza sativa, plantio direto, plantio convencional, escarificação, Oryza sativa, no-tillage, conventional tillage, scarification
Como citar
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical. Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos/UFG, v. 41, n. 1, p. 60-65, 2011.