Caracterização e classificação de solos desenvolvidos de arenitos da formação Aquidauana-MS
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Data
2010-06-01
Autores
Schiavo, Jolimar Antonio
Pereira, Marcos Gervásio
Miranda, Luiz Paulo Montenegro de [UNESP]
Dias Neto, Antonino Hypólito
Fontana, Ademir
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Resumo
A formação Aquidauana é constituída por um conjunto de sedimentos com até 500 m de espessura, predominando arenito de granulometria fina a média, intercalado com conglomerado arenoso. Nesse ambiente, o relevo é um dos principais fatores condicionantes na formação de solos. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, caracterizar e classificar os solos desenvolvidos desses arenitos. Para isso, foram estudados quatro perfis ao longo de uma topossequência, de uma pendente representativa das colinas suaves onduladas verificadas na área de estudo. Os perfis localizavam-se no terço superior (P1), terço médio (P2), terço inferior (P3) e sopé de encosta (P4). Eles foram morfologicamente descritos, e os horizontes, caracterizados quanto às propriedades físicas e químicas. Os solos estudados apresentaram predomínio da fração areia (> 680 g kg-1), com textura variando de franco-arenosa (P4) a franco-argiloarenosa. Os valores de pH em água variaram de 4,2 a 6,5. Os valores de capacidade de troca catiônica variaram de 1,6 cmol c kg-1 no P4 a 10,3 cmol c kg-1 no P2, com predomínio dos íons H+ no P1 e P4 e Ca2+ no P2 e P3. Os horizontes subsuperficiais do P1 e P4 são distróficos, enquanto em P2 e P3 verificou-se elevada saturação por bases, evidenciando caráter eutrófico. À exceção do P2, os demais apresentaram argila de baixa atividade. em todos os perfis verificaram-se atributos morfológicos, físicos, químicos e mineralógicos condicionados pelo material de origem e relevo, demonstrando a influência desses fatores na pedogênese.
The Aquidauana geological formation consists of a set of up to 500 m thick sediments predominantly composed of sandstone with fine to medium grain size, interspersed with sandy conglomerates. In this environment, the topography is one of the main conditioning factors of the formation of different soil types in the landscape. The objective of this study was to characterize and classify soils developed from these sandstones. Four soils profiles along a representative toposequence of gentle slopes were sampled and studied. The profiles were located on the shoulder (P1), backslope (P2), footslope ( P3) and toeslope (P4). The soil profiles were morphologically described and physical and chemical properties of their horizons evaluated. The sand fraction was predominant in all profiles (> 680 g kg-1), with textures ranging from sandy loam (P4) to clay sandy loam. The water pH values ranged from 4.2 to 6.5. The cation exchange capacity values ranged from 1.6 cmol c kg-1(in P4) to 10.3 cmol c kg-1 (in P2), with a predominance of hydrogen ions in P1 and P4, and calcium in profile P2 and P3. The P1 and P4 pedons were dystrophic, whereas in P2 and P3, a high base saturation status evidenced an eutrophic character. Except in P2, the profiles presented low activity clays. In all soil profiles the morphological, physical, chemical and mineralogical properties were conditioned by the parent material and relief, demonstrating the influence of these factors on the pedogenesis.
The Aquidauana geological formation consists of a set of up to 500 m thick sediments predominantly composed of sandstone with fine to medium grain size, interspersed with sandy conglomerates. In this environment, the topography is one of the main conditioning factors of the formation of different soil types in the landscape. The objective of this study was to characterize and classify soils developed from these sandstones. Four soils profiles along a representative toposequence of gentle slopes were sampled and studied. The profiles were located on the shoulder (P1), backslope (P2), footslope ( P3) and toeslope (P4). The soil profiles were morphologically described and physical and chemical properties of their horizons evaluated. The sand fraction was predominant in all profiles (> 680 g kg-1), with textures ranging from sandy loam (P4) to clay sandy loam. The water pH values ranged from 4.2 to 6.5. The cation exchange capacity values ranged from 1.6 cmol c kg-1(in P4) to 10.3 cmol c kg-1 (in P2), with a predominance of hydrogen ions in P1 and P4, and calcium in profile P2 and P3. The P1 and P4 pedons were dystrophic, whereas in P2 and P3, a high base saturation status evidenced an eutrophic character. Except in P2, the profiles presented low activity clays. In all soil profiles the morphological, physical, chemical and mineralogical properties were conditioned by the parent material and relief, demonstrating the influence of these factors on the pedogenesis.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
SiBCS, taxonomia de solos, Bioma Cerrado Pantanal, SiBCS, soil taxonomy, Cerrado Pantanal Biome
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 34, n. 3, p. 881-889, 2010.