Distribuição da biomassa e minerais em família de bananeira 'prata-anã' adubada com zinco via broto desbastado
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Data
2010-06-01
Autores
Rodrigues, Maria Geralda Vilela
Pacheco, Dilermando Dourado
Natale, William [UNESP]
Silva, José Tadeu Alves da
Dias, Mário Sérgio Carvalho
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Resumo
O Norte de Minas Gerais cultiva basicamente bananeira 'Prata-Anã', cultivar especialmente exigente em zinco. A possibilidade de fornecimento de Zn, sem que esse entre em contato com o solo, é importante para a região, uma vez que vários fatores levam à baixa disponibilidade do elemento fornecido via solo, como: elevado teor de matéria orgânica na camada superficial (resultante de resíduos culturais); manutenção de elevado pH do solo - acima de 6,00 - como estratégia contrária à proliferação do agente causal do mal- do-panamá; adubações frequentes com potássio e magnésio, que além de basificar o meio, diminuem a participação do Zn no equilíbrio cátion-ânion do solo, dificultando a absorção deste micronutriente pela planta. Para determinar a distribuição de biomassa e minerais na bananeira Prata-Anã, cultivada sob irrigação no norte de Minas Gerais, quando o zinco é fornecido via broto desbastado, foi conduzido um experimento no Perímetro Irrigado de Jaíba. As plantas foram adubadas com 0,00; 1,66 e 3,33 g.família-1 de Zn (0; 25 e 50 g.família-1.ano-1 de sulfato de Zn), via muda desbastada. Um mês após as adubações de outubro de 2007 e junho de 2008, avaliaram-se a produção de massa fresca (MF) e massa seca (MS), os teores e conteúdos de minerais em todos os órgãos de uma ''família'' de bananeira composta por planta-mãe com cacho + planta-filha alta + planta-neta. As doses de Zn não influíram na produção de MF e MS das plantas na primeira avaliação, enquanto na segunda avaliação observou-se efeito positivo do tratamento apenas para MF acumulada nas folhas inferiores, nas porções do terço médio e inferior do pseudocaule, e no rizoma da planta-mãe. Tanto o teor quanto o acúmulo de nutrientes nas plantas-mãe apresentaram a seguinte ordem decrescente: K > N > Ca > Mg > P > S > Fe > Zn > B > Cu. Os teores de Zn foram afetados pela dose desse micronutriente na maioria das situações estudadas. O Zn fornecido via broto desbastado ascendeu na planta-mãe, e daí se redistribuiu na ''família'' da bananeira.
In the North of Minas Gerais it is cultivated basically banana 'Prata-Anã', cultivar that requires mainly Zn. The possibility of supply of zinc, without this nutrient gets in touch with the soil, it is important for the region, since several factors take to the low availability of the element supplied by the soil, as: elevated organic matter content on the surface (from cultural residues); maintenance of high pH of the soil - above 6,00 - as strategy contrary to the proliferation of the causal agent of the Fusarium Wilt; frequent fertilizations with potassium and magnesium that, besides converting the medium into base, they reduce the participation of Zn in the balance cation/anion of the soil, hindering the absortion of this micronutrient by the plant. For determining the distribution of biomass and minerals in the banana Prata-Anã, cultivated under irrigation in the North of Minas Gerais, when zinc supplied through thinned sprout, an experiment was carried out in the Irrigated Perimeter of Jaíba. The plants were fertilized with 0,00; 1,66 and 3,33 g.family-1 of Zn, through thinned sprout. One month after the fertilizations from October, 2007 and February, 2008, the production of fresh mass (FM) and dry mass (DM) were evaluated, the contents and meanings of minerals in all of the banana ''family'' bodies composed by mother-plant with bunch + tall daughter-plant + plant-granddaughter. The doses of Zn did not influence on the production of FM and DM of the plants in the first evaluation, while in the second evaluation positive effect of the treatment was observed just for MF accumulated in the inferior leaves, in the portions of the medium third and inferior of the pseudostem, and in the mother-plant's rhizome. As much the content as the accumulation of nutrients in the mother-plants presented the following decreasing order: K > N > Ca > Mg > P > S > Fe > Zn > B > Cu. The Zn contents were affected by the dose of that micronutrient in the most of the studied situations. The zinc supplied through thinned sprout increased in the mother-plant, and then it was redistributed in the banana's ''family''.
In the North of Minas Gerais it is cultivated basically banana 'Prata-Anã', cultivar that requires mainly Zn. The possibility of supply of zinc, without this nutrient gets in touch with the soil, it is important for the region, since several factors take to the low availability of the element supplied by the soil, as: elevated organic matter content on the surface (from cultural residues); maintenance of high pH of the soil - above 6,00 - as strategy contrary to the proliferation of the causal agent of the Fusarium Wilt; frequent fertilizations with potassium and magnesium that, besides converting the medium into base, they reduce the participation of Zn in the balance cation/anion of the soil, hindering the absortion of this micronutrient by the plant. For determining the distribution of biomass and minerals in the banana Prata-Anã, cultivated under irrigation in the North of Minas Gerais, when zinc supplied through thinned sprout, an experiment was carried out in the Irrigated Perimeter of Jaíba. The plants were fertilized with 0,00; 1,66 and 3,33 g.family-1 of Zn, through thinned sprout. One month after the fertilizations from October, 2007 and February, 2008, the production of fresh mass (FM) and dry mass (DM) were evaluated, the contents and meanings of minerals in all of the banana ''family'' bodies composed by mother-plant with bunch + tall daughter-plant + plant-granddaughter. The doses of Zn did not influence on the production of FM and DM of the plants in the first evaluation, while in the second evaluation positive effect of the treatment was observed just for MF accumulated in the inferior leaves, in the portions of the medium third and inferior of the pseudostem, and in the mother-plant's rhizome. As much the content as the accumulation of nutrients in the mother-plants presented the following decreasing order: K > N > Ca > Mg > P > S > Fe > Zn > B > Cu. The Zn contents were affected by the dose of that micronutrient in the most of the studied situations. The zinc supplied through thinned sprout increased in the mother-plant, and then it was redistributed in the banana's ''family''.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fertilization, plants nutrition, Micronutrient, Musa sp, Adubação, nutrição de plantas, micronutriente, Musa sp
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura. Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 32, n. 2, p. 599-611, 2010.