Efeito residual de herbicidas aplicados em pré-emergência em diferentes solos
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Data
2011-06-01
Autores
Inoue, M.H.
Santana, C.T.C. [UNESP]
Oliveira JR., R.S.
Possamai, A.C.S.
Santana, D.C. [UNESP]
Arruda, R.A.D.
Dallacort, R.
Sztoltz, C.L.
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Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi monitorar o efeito residual dos herbicidas ametryne, clomazone e diuron, aplicados em pré-emergência, utilizando amostras de um Neossolo Quartzarênico e de um Latossolo Vermelho, com texturas e composições contrastantes. Para isso, foram conduzidos seis bioensaios em casa de vegetação, com amostras de um Neossolo Quartzarênico (textura arenosa) e de um Latossolo Vermelho (textura argilosa). Foi avaliado o efeito residual de ametryne (0, 1,60 e 2,40 kg ha-1), clomazone (0, 0,90 e 1,10 kg ha-1) e diuron (0, 1,60 e 3,20 kg ha-1), por meio de semeadura de bioindicador previamente selecionado (Cucumis sativus ou Brachiaria decumbens) aos 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 dias após a aplicação (DAA). Verificou-se que ametryne proporcionou 80% de controle até os 40 DAA, independentemente do solo e da dose. O clomazone apresentou efeito residual satisfatório quando aplicado na dose recomendada em solo argiloso, mantendo o controle acima de 80% até os 71 DAA. em solo arenoso, o controle não foi satisfatório já aos 25 DAA, mesmo na dose recomendada para solo argiloso. Diuron apresentou alta estabilidade em solo argiloso, observando-se controle superior a 91% até os 100 DAA na dose recomendada e controle acima de 80% até os 54 DAA na dose recomendada para solo arenoso. No entanto, em solo arenoso não houve aumento do efeito residual, mesmo com a aplicação da dose recomendada para solo argiloso.
The objective of this work was to monitor the residual effect of the herbicides ametryne, clomazone and diuron, applied in pre-emergence, using Psament and Red Latosol with contrasting texture and composition. Thus, six experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions with samples of Psament (sandy texture) and Red Latosol (clay texture). The residual effect of ametryne (0, 1.60 and 2.40 kg ha-1), clomazone (0, 0.90 and 1.10 kg ha-1) and diuron (0, 1.60 and 3.20 kg ha 1) was evaluated by sowing the test plant (Cucumis sativus or Brachiaria decumbens) at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 days after application (DAA). Ametryne was found to provide 80% control up to 40 DAA, independent of type of soil and dose. Clomazone showed satisfactory residual effect when applied at the dose recommended for clay soil, maintaining control over 80% up to 71 DAA. In sandy soil, the control was not satisfactory up to 25 DAA, even at doses recommended for clay soil. Diuron showed high stability in clay soil, observing control over 91% up to 100 DAA at the recommended dose and control over 80% up to 54 DAA at the dose recommended for sandy soil. However, in sandy soil, no residual effect increase was observed, even when the dose recommended for clay soil was applied.
The objective of this work was to monitor the residual effect of the herbicides ametryne, clomazone and diuron, applied in pre-emergence, using Psament and Red Latosol with contrasting texture and composition. Thus, six experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions with samples of Psament (sandy texture) and Red Latosol (clay texture). The residual effect of ametryne (0, 1.60 and 2.40 kg ha-1), clomazone (0, 0.90 and 1.10 kg ha-1) and diuron (0, 1.60 and 3.20 kg ha 1) was evaluated by sowing the test plant (Cucumis sativus or Brachiaria decumbens) at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 days after application (DAA). Ametryne was found to provide 80% control up to 40 DAA, independent of type of soil and dose. Clomazone showed satisfactory residual effect when applied at the dose recommended for clay soil, maintaining control over 80% up to 71 DAA. In sandy soil, the control was not satisfactory up to 25 DAA, even at doses recommended for clay soil. Diuron showed high stability in clay soil, observing control over 91% up to 100 DAA at the recommended dose and control over 80% up to 54 DAA at the dose recommended for sandy soil. However, in sandy soil, no residual effect increase was observed, even when the dose recommended for clay soil was applied.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
bioindicadores, herbicidas, persistência, retenção, bio-indicators, herbicides, persistence, retention
Como citar
Planta Daninha. Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas , v. 29, n. 2, p. 429-435, 2011.