Substituição do farelo de soja pela farinha de glúten de milho na alimentação de cabras leiteiras
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Data
2003-08-01
Autores
Macedo, Luiz Gonzaga Pego de
Damasceno, Julio Cesar
Martins, Elias Nunes
Macedo, Vicente de Paulo [UNESP]
Santos, Geraldo Tadeu dos
Falcão, Alencariano José da Silva
Caldas Neto, Saul
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia
Resumo
Realizou-se um experimento com cabras Saanen, primíparas, pesando em média, 50 kg, alojadas em baias individuais de 3 m², objetivando avaliar a substituição da proteína do farelo de soja (FS) pela proteína da farinha de glúten de milho (FGM), na produção e composição do leite, consumo voluntário e níveis de uréia plasmática. O delineamento experimental foi o triplo quadrado latino 4x4, com quatro períodos de 21 dias, sendo 14 dias de adaptação à dieta e sete dias para colheita das amostras. As cabras foram alimentadas e ordenhadas pela manhã e tarde. Os níveis de substituição estudados foram 0, 10, 30 e 50% de FGM (base na proteína bruta). A substituição do farelo de soja pela farinha de glúten de milho não afetou o consumo (kg/dia e %PV) de matéria seca, proteína bruta e fibra em detergente ácido, mas houve efeito quadrático, para o consumo de fibra em detergente neutro (kg/dia e % PV). Houve efeito sobre os níveis de uréia plasmática (UP), que foram inferiores para os menores níveis de substituição, sendo os maiores valores de UP observados para o tratamento que possuía somente FS. A produção de leite decresceu linearmente com a inclusão da farinha de glúten de milho. Os níveis de substituição resultaram em decréscimos lineares na produção de gordura (kg/dia), no teor de gordura do leite (%) e no teor de sólidos totais. Houve efeito quadrático para produção de lactose (kg/dia), observando-se o menor valor estimado para o nível de substituição de 31,6%. Não foi observado efeito sobre a produção de proteína bruta no leite, cujo valor médio foi de 0,083 kg/dia. Os teores de proteina bruta, lactose e sólidos totais não sofreram efeito dos níveis de substituição, sendo os valores médios percentuais de 2,98; 4,35 e 11,51%, respectivamente.
It was carried out an experiment with goats Saanen, on the first lactation, with 50 kg of body weight, housed in individual stalls of 3 m², to evaluate the effect of substitution of soybean meal (SM) protein by the protein from the corn gluten flour (CGF), in the milk production, milk composition, voluntary intake and plasmatic urea. The experimental design was the triple Latin square 4x4, with four periods of 21 days, being 14 days of adaptation to the diet and seven days for samples collection. The goats were fed and milked in the morning and afternoon. The substitution levels studied were: 0, 10, 30 and 50% of CGF (based in the crude protein). The substitution of the soybean meal by CGM did not affect the intake (kg/day and %BW) of dry matter, crude protein and acid detergent fiber, but there was quadratic effect for neutral detergent fiber intake (kg/day and %BW). There was effect on the levels of plasmatic urea nitrogen (PUN), where the smallest values were in the intermediate levels of substitution, being the biggest values for the treatment with only SM. The milk production decreased lineally with the inclusion of CGM. The substitution levels resulted in lineal decrease in the fat production (kg/day), in the milk fat content (%) and milk total solids content (%). There was quadratic effect for lactose production, being the smallest value for 31.6% of substitution level. It was no effect on in crude protein in the milk, which average was .083 kg/day. The crude protein content, lactose and total solids did not suffer effect of the substitution levels, being the average values of 2.98, 4.35 and 11.51%, respectively.
It was carried out an experiment with goats Saanen, on the first lactation, with 50 kg of body weight, housed in individual stalls of 3 m², to evaluate the effect of substitution of soybean meal (SM) protein by the protein from the corn gluten flour (CGF), in the milk production, milk composition, voluntary intake and plasmatic urea. The experimental design was the triple Latin square 4x4, with four periods of 21 days, being 14 days of adaptation to the diet and seven days for samples collection. The goats were fed and milked in the morning and afternoon. The substitution levels studied were: 0, 10, 30 and 50% of CGF (based in the crude protein). The substitution of the soybean meal by CGM did not affect the intake (kg/day and %BW) of dry matter, crude protein and acid detergent fiber, but there was quadratic effect for neutral detergent fiber intake (kg/day and %BW). There was effect on the levels of plasmatic urea nitrogen (PUN), where the smallest values were in the intermediate levels of substitution, being the biggest values for the treatment with only SM. The milk production decreased lineally with the inclusion of CGM. The substitution levels resulted in lineal decrease in the fat production (kg/day), in the milk fat content (%) and milk total solids content (%). There was quadratic effect for lactose production, being the smallest value for 31.6% of substitution level. It was no effect on in crude protein in the milk, which average was .083 kg/day. The crude protein content, lactose and total solids did not suffer effect of the substitution levels, being the average values of 2.98, 4.35 and 11.51%, respectively.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
cabras, leite, farinha glúten de milho, proteína, uréia plasmática, goat, milk, corn gluten flour, protein, plama urea
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 32, n. 4, p. 992-1001, 2003.