Randomized controlled trial on prevention of postcesarean infection using penicillin and cephalothin in Brazil
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Data
2006-07-01
Autores
Rudge, Marilza Vieira Cunha [UNESP]
Atallah, Alvaro Nagib
Peraçoli, José Carlos [UNESP]
Da Rocha Tristao, Andrea
Mendonca Neto, Moises
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Taylor & Francis As
Resumo
Background. There is a need to assess the effects of different antibiotic administration models on infectious complications among women from low-income populations who undergo cesarean delivery, and the cost benefit. Design. Randomized, blinded controlled clinical trial study of a single preoperative dose of cephalothin, versus a postcesarean scheme for infection prophylaxis, versus no antibiotics. Methods. The setting was a tertiary Brazilian center with 1,500 deliveries annually. Pregnant women (n = 600) with an indication for emergency or elective cesarean section were randomly allocated consecutively to one of three groups and treated as follows: Group 1 (n = 200), no antibiotics; Group 2 (n = 200), the standard antibiotics scheme followed at this center; Group 3 (n = 200), a single dose of intravenous cephalothin 2 g, intraoperatively. Main outcome measurements. Prevalences of wound infection, puerperal and postcesarean infections, and costs of antibiotics used. Results. Antibiotics reduced the incidence of puerperal infection, but did not change the percentages of wound and postcesarean infections and no use of antibiotics increased the puerperal infection risk sixfold. Cephalothin reduced the relative risk of puerperal infection by 89% (95% confidence interval: 7-87%). Penicillin reduced it by 78%, but this was not statistically significant. No deaths occurred. The costs of the two schemes were similar (almost US$1.00). Conclusions. Prophylactic cephalothin use was associated with decreased postcesarean puerperal infection and presented a cost benefit.
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Palavras-chave
low-income patients, infection prophylaxis, cesarean section, randomized trial, penicillin, cephalothin
Como citar
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. Oslo: Taylor & Francis As, v. 85, n. 8, p. 945-948, 2006.